Research Journal of Parasitology1816-4943xxxx-xxxxScience International10.3923/jp.2015.111.119In vitro Effect of Mefloquine on Adult Schistosoma mansoni]]>Abou-ShadyOmaima Mohammed MohammedSoheir Sayed AttiaSamar Sayed YusufHebat-Allah Salah HelmyDina Omar 32015103Schistosomiasis is a chronic disease that infects over 200 million people worldwide. The treatment and control of schistosomiasis largely depends on a single drug, praziquantel that might result in emergence of drug resistant parasites. Consequently, developing new drugs is a true need. The anti-malarial drug mefloquine has shown schistosomicidal activity. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of mefloquine against adult S. mansoni using in vitro approach. Ten laboratory bred mice were infected with S. mansoni cercariae. After 56 days, mice were sacrificed and adult Schistosoma were collected by perfusion. The in vitro approach consisted of placing adult Schistosoma worms in culture plates containing 100, 10 and 1 μg mL-1 mefloquine and incubating the plates at 37°C for 24 h. The length and maximum width of adult Schistosoma were measured and LC50 and LC90 of mefloquine and praziquantel were calculated. The results showed that the LC50 for mefloquine and praziquantel were 3.961 and 6.675 μg mL-1, respectively. The LC90 for mefloquine was 7.332 μg mL-1 while that of praziquantel was 8.695 μg mL-1. A statistically significant reduction in length and maximum width in adult worms treated with mefloquine was observed. Mefloquine exerted promising in vitro effects on adult S. mansoni worms.]]>Allen, G.P.R., P.B. Bartley, A.C. Sleigh, G.R. Olds, Y. Li, G.M. Williams and D.P. McManus,200234612121220Basra, A., G. Mombo-Ngoma, M.C. Melser, D.A. Diop and H. Wurbel et al.,2013Schistosoma haematobium infection in Gabon: A nested randomized controlled assessor-blinded clinical trial.]]>56e68e75Botros, S., H. Sayed, N. Amer, M. El-Ghannam, J.L. Bennett and T.A. Day,200535787791Debnath, A., D. Parsonage, R.M. Andrade, C. He and E.R. Cobo et al.,2012Entamoeba histolytica identifies a new lead and target.]]>18956960Doenhoff, M.J., D. Cioli and J. Utzinger,200821659667Fenwick, A., L. Savioli, D. Engels, N.R. Bergquist and M.H. Todd,200319509515Holtfreter, M.C., M. Loebermann, S. Klammt, M. Sombetzki and P. Bodammer et al.,2011Schistosoma mansoni: Schistosomicidal effect of mefloquine and primaquine in vitro.]]>127270276Ingram, K., W. Ellis and J. Keiser,20125632073215Keiser, J., J. Chollet, S.H. Xiao, J.Y. Mei, P.Y. Jiao, J. Utzinger and M. Tanner,20092009Keiser, J., Manneck, T. and M. Vargas,2011Schistosoma mansoni mouse model and in vitro.]]>6617911797Keiser, J., K.D. Silue, L.K. Adiossan, N.A. N'Guessan, N. Monsan, J. Utzinger and E.K. N'Goran,2014Schistosoma haematobium: A randomized, exploratory, open-label trial.]]>2014King, C.H., K. Dickman and D.J. Tisch,200536515611569Manneck, T., O. Braissant, W. Ellis and J. Keiser,2011Schistosoma mansoni: Antischistosomal activity of the four optical isomers and the two racemates of mefloquine on schistosomula and adult worms in vitro and in vivo.]]>127260269Manneck, T., Y. Haggenmuller and J. Keiser,2010Schistosoma mansoni.]]>1378598Murray, C.J.L., T. Vos, R. Lozano, M. Naghavi and A.D. Flaxman et al.,201338021972223Peters, A.P. and K.S. Warren,1969Schistosoma mansoni subcutaneous injection.]]>55558563Pica-Mattoccia, L. and D. Cioli,2004Schistosoma mansoni to in vivo and in vitro praziquantel treatment.]]>34527533Sayed, A.A., A. Simeonov, C.J. Thomas, J. Inglese, C.P. Austin and D.L. Williams,200814407412Smithers, S.E. and R.J. Terry, 1965Schistosoma mansoni and the recovery of the adult worms.]]>55695700Van Nassauw, L., S. Toovey, J. Van Op den Bosch, J.P. Timmermans and J. Vercruysse,2008Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice.]]>6253258Xiao, S.H., J. Chollet, J. Utzinger, J.Y. Mei, P.Y. Jiao, J. Keiser and M. Tanner,2009Schistosoma japonicum in mice.]]>105853861Xiao, S.H., J. Keiser, J. Chollet, J. Utzinger and Y. Dong et al.,2007In vitro and in vivo activities of synthetic trioxolanes against major human Schistosome species.]]>5114401445Xiao, S.H., J.Y. Mei and P.Y. Jiao,2009in vitro effect of mefloquine and praziquantel against juvenile and adult Schistosoma japonicum.]]>106237246Xiao, S.H., J.Y. Mei and P.Y. Jiao,2011Schistosoma japonicum.]]>108399406Xiao, S.H., J. Xue and B. Shen,2010Schistosoma japonicum caused by mefloquine.]]>10611791187Xiao, S.H., J. Xue and H.B. Zhang,2012Schistosoma japonicum in vitro.]]>11012391248Kabatereine, N.B., C.J. Standley, J.C. Sousa-Figueiredo, F.M. Fleming, J.R. Stothard, A. Talisuna and A. Fenwick,20112011