Journal of Medical Sciences1682-44741812-5727Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jms.2014.123.129Staphylococcus aureus in Southeast Iran: Herbal
Control and Detection Methods Comparison]]>SaeidiSaeide RavanHadi SanadgolNima KhaleghiMoj BaziSaphora ShojaeiParisa 32014143Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a type of staph
bacteria that has developed resistant to certain antibiotics such as beta-lactams.
Rapid and sensitive detection of MRSA strains in patients, of course, improves
the global health status. In the present study we compared the sensitivity and
specificity of a rapid Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay with a traditional
empiric therapy in MRSA detection, using a literature-derived model. Furthermore,
we tested Aloe Vera (AV) and Trachyspermum ammi L. (TAL) extracts for
evaluating their antibacterial potency against MRSA. Twenty five S. aureus
isolated from the nose and throat of totally 160 samples in 3 different groups,
including 80 healthy subjects, 40 hospital staffs and 40 inpatients. The results
of disk diffusion method showed that phenotypic antibiotic resistance percent
in S. aureus isolates were entirely classified as cloxacillin (100%),
methicillin (100%), penicillin (88%), cefixime (72%), azithromycin (56%), kanamycin
(48%), clarithromycin (48%), ampicillin (48%), erythromycin (48%), amoxicillin
(32%) and tetracyclin (8%). The distribution of antibiotic-resistant mecA gene
according to PCR was 40%. Moreover, the best Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
(MIC) and Minimum Bacterial Concentration (MBC) were 0.3 and 0.62 for both AV
and TAL. Totally, 76% of MICs observed as cloxacillin-resistant. We concluded
that the mecA gene-PCR assay is a rapid, sensitive and clinically useful test
for early detection of MRSA. It is also recommended that more chemical investigations
on AV and TAL require for introducing these extracts as antibacterial agents
for control of MRSA.]]>Grundmann, H., M. Aires-de-Sousa, J. Boyce and E. Tiemersma,2006368874885Morrison-Rodriguez, S.M., L.A. Pacha, J.E. Patrick and N.N. Jordan,2010138721729Sattler, C.A., E.O. Mason Jr. and S.L. Kaplan,200221910917Crum, N.F., R.U. Lee, S.A. Thornton, O.C. Stine and M.R. Wallace et al.,2006119943951Chambers, H.F.,20017178182Rybak, M.J. and K.L. LaPlante,2005Staphylococcus aureus: A review.]]>257485Palavecino, E.,200424403418Rim, J.Y. and A.E. Bacon III,20072810441046Salgado, C.D., B.M. Farr and D.P. Calfee,2003Staphylococcus aureus: A meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors.]]>36131139Lodise Jr., T.P., P.S. McKinnon, D.P. Levine and M.J. Rybak,2007Staphylococcus aureus.]]>5137313733Cosgrove, S.E., G. Sakoulas, E.N. Perencevich, M.J. Schwaber, A.W. Karchmer and Y. Carmeli,2003Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: A meta-analysis. ]]>365359Well, B. and R.J. Stood,19891989pp: 423-427pp: 423-427CLSI,20032003Baron, E.J. and S.M. Finegold,19908th Edn.,pp: 171-178pp: 171-178Lovseth, A., S. Loncarevic and K.G. Berdal,20044238693872Najafi, S., N. Sanadgol, B.S. Nejad, M.A. Beiragi and E. Sanadgol,2010Citrullus colocynthis (Linn.) Schrad against Staphylococcus aureus.]]>423212325Yu, J., J. Lei, H. Yu, X. Cai and G. Zou,2004Scutellaria barbata.]]>65881884NCCLS,2001Kock, R., K. Becker, B. Cookson, J.E. van Gemert-Pijnen and S. Harbarth et al.,2010Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Burden of disease and control challenges in Europe.]]>151220Klevens, R.M., M.A. Morrison, J. Nadle, S. Petit and K. Gershman et al.,200729817631771Sabour, P.M., J.J. Gill, D. Lepp, J.C. Pacan, R. Ahmed, R. Dingwell and K.J. Leslie,2004Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Eastern Canadian dairy herds.]]>4234493455Moon, J.S., A.R. Lee, H.M. Kang, E.S. Lee and M.N. Kim et al.,20079011761185Rabello, R.F., C.R.V.M. Souza, R.S. Duarte, R.M.M. Lopes, L.M. Teixeira and A.C.D. Castro,2005Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from bovine mastitis in rio de janeiro, Brazil.]]>8832113219Gonano, M., I. Hein, P. Zangerl, A. Rammelmayr and M. Wagner,2009Staphylococcus aureus strains of veterinary, dairy and human origin.]]>137688699Wolk, D.M., E. Picton, D. Johnson, T. Davis, P. Pancholi et al.,2009Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) test as a rapid screening method for detection of MRSA in nares.]]>47758764Tyagi, A., A. Kapil and P. Singh,2008Stahylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pus samples at a tertiary care hospital, AIIMS, New Delhi.]]>93335Saderi, H., P. Owlia and M.R. Jalali Nadoushan,2009Staphylococcus aureus isolates.]]>4219223Mohajeri, P., B. Izadi, M. Rezaei and A. Farahani,20132013Zmantar, T., K. Chaieb, F.B. Abdallah, A.B. Kahla-Nakbi, A.B. Hassen, K. Mahdouani and A. Bakhrouf,2008Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from auricular infections.]]>53357362Thiruppathi, S., V. Ramasubramanian, T. Sivakumar and V.T. Arasu,2010Aloe vera (L.) Burm. F. against pathogenic microorganisms.]]>1251258Abraham, O.J., P.A. Odiba, L.A. Achumu, O.A. Upu, O. Yahaya, O.E. Miachi and C.A. Ndubuisi,2012Aloe vera juice on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.]]>314Prashar, P., S. Gulati, V. Koul and S. Sehgal,2011In vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera against some bacterial and fungal species.]]>113233Agarry, O.O., M.T. Olaleye, C.O. Bello-Michael,2005414131414Wadhwa, S., M. Bairagi, G. Bhatt, M. Panday and A. Porwal,2010Trachyspermumammi.]]>1131133Usha, M., S. Ragini and S.M.A. Naqvi,2012Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) on four food spoilage bacteria.]]>1711