Journal of Medical Sciences1682-44741812-5727Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jms.2013.367.372ShehataS.A. MohamedM. S. Abd El-ShafiS. 52013135This study investigated the antibacterial activity of five essential oils in-vitro.
Also, the strongest antibacterial oil (thyme oil) was tested on performance
of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings fish. Two experiments
were carried out, in the first one antimicrobial activity of essential oils
(EOs) of 5 medicinal plants, ginger, black cumin, thyme, clove and watercress
were evaluated (in-vitro). The screening of antibacterial activity was
against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli,
Listeria monocytogenes, Lactococcus lactis and Bacillus cereus.
In the second experiment (in-vivo) 120 fish were divided in 4 groups.
There were 3 replicate glass aquaria (per group) of 10 fish per aquarium. The
1st group fed basal diet (control) and the other groups (2-4) were fed basal
diet supplemented with 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5% thyme oil. First experiment showed
that thyme oil had the strongest antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria
except Staph. aureus and E. coli. The more sensitive bacteria
to thyme oil was Pseud. aeruginosa while. E. coli was least susceptible
to it. Second experiment, showed that thyme oil significantly increase growth
rate, feed intake and feed utilization of fish. The best level was 0.25%. Total
protein and globulin concentrations in plasma were significantly increased by
0.1 and 0.25% thyme oil. The best economical efficiency was obtained by 0.25%
thyme oil.]]>AOAC.,198415th Edn.,Calsamiglia, S., M. Busquet, P.W. Cardozo, L. Castillejos and A. Ferret,20079025802595Collington, G.K., D.S. Park and D.G. Armstrong,1990645970Dorman, H.J.D. and S.G. Deans,200088308316Duncan, D.B.,195511142FDA,20042004Ferraris, R.P., S.A. Villenas and J.M. Diamond,1992262G1047G1059Giannenas, I., P. Florou-Paneri, M. Papazahariadou, E. Christaki, N.A. Botsoglou, and A.B. Spais,2003Eimeria tenella.]]>5799106Hu, X.R., G.L. Lu, L.S. Chen, J.M. Gu and Y. Zhang,200237718720Inouye, S., T. Takizawa and H. Yamaguchi,200147565573Jang, I.S., Y.H. Ko, S.Y. Kang and C.Y. Lee,2007134304315Al-Kassie, G.A.M.,200929169173Lee, H.S. and Y.J. Ahn,1998Cinnamomum cassia bark-derived materials on human intestinal bacteria.]]>46812Lee, M.H., H.J. Lee and P.D. Ryu,200114402413Lee, S.E., H.J. Hwang, J.S. Ha, H.S. Jeong and J.H. Kim,200373167179Martinez, S., J. Madrid, F. Hernandez, M.D. Megias, J.A. Sotomayor and M.J. Jordan,2006Thyme hyemails and Thymus zygis) and monensin on in vitro ruminal degradation and volatile fatty acid production.]]>5465986602Milos, M., J. Mastelic and I. Jerkovic,2000Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum).]]>717983Rattanachaikusopon, P. and P. Phumkhachorn,2009Lactococcus garvieae infection in Tilapia.]]>7320852089Saeed, S. and P. Tariq,2008In vitro antibacterial activity of clove against gram negative bacteria.]]>4021572160Saeed, S., A. Naim and P. Tariq,200747174SAS,199612th Edn.,Seden, M.E.A., A.E. Abbas and M.H. Ahmed,2009Origanum vulgare as a feed additive on growth performance, feed utilization and whole body composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings challenged with pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila.]]>3416831695Trouillas, P., C.A. Calliste, D.P. Allais, A. Simon, A. Marfak, C. Delage and J.L. Duroux,200380399407Viuda-Martos, M., M.A. Mohamady, M. Fernandez-Lopez, K.A. Abd El-Razik, E.A. Omer, J.A. Perez-Alvarez and E. Sendra,2011In vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essentialoils obtained from Egyptian aromatic plants.]]>2217151722Xia, M.S., C.H. Hu and Z.R. Xu,2005118307317