Research Journal of Microbiology1816-4935xxxx-xxxxScience International10.3923/jm.2009.286.300Trichoderma and Rhizobium on Both Biocontrol of Chocolate Spot Disease and Induction of Nodulation, Physiological Activities and Productivity of Vicia faba]]>SaberW.I.A. Abd El-HaiK.M. GhoneemK.M. 8200948Experiments were carried out to correlate the biochemical
features of Trichoderma species and Rhizobium leguminosarum
to both biocontrol of Botrytis fabae and improving the productivity
of faba bean. Of several Trichoderma species, isolated from phyllosphere
of faba bean, six isolates, which grew considerably faster than B.
fabae and have moderate to very good antagonism against this pathogen,
were selected. Trichodermas growth inhibiting properties
of B. fabae were due to the combined action of non-volatile and
volatile metabolites (with antibiotic nature) and the secretion of cell-wall
degrading enzymes. Trichoderma viride (tag3 and tag4) and T.
harzianum tag7 have shown to be efficient mycoparasites on B. fabae
(in which the mycelium appeared to be fragmented hyphae, vacuolated and
disrupted as a result of Trichoderma parasitism). These three Trichoderma
isolates were further applied in field of faba bean combined with R.
leguminosarum which, the chromatographical analysis of its supernatant
showed activity in growth promoter substances. The dual inoculation of
seeds with a mixture of R. leguminosarum and T. viride tag4
then foliar spraying of the developed plants with the spore suspension
of the same T. viride tag4 at the 35th and 55th
day from sowing reduced chocolate spot disease and enhanced nodulation,
nitrogenase activity and nitrogen fixing bacterial population in the rhizosphere.
In addition to the improvements in the physiological activities (photosynthetic
pigments, total phenol and polyphenol oxidase), plant growth and yield.
On average, this treatment recorded about 57% reduction in chocolate spot
disease and 23% increase in faba bean yield, compared to control plants.
Therefore, a commercial production of an inoculum based on a mixture of
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