Research Journal of Microbiology1816-4935xxxx-xxxxScience International10.3923/jm.2006.95.100SharmaSameer VijayachariPaluru SugunanAttayoor P.NatarajeseenivasanKalimuthusamy MurhekarManoj V.SehgalSubhash C.1200611The Jarwa, one of the four Negrito tribes of these islands, inhabit the west coast of the South and Middle Andamans district have been living in isolation for several centuries and recently they started coming out of the jungles shedding their hostility. Since than several disease outbreaks have been reported in these classical tribe. An attempt was made to screen the sera collected during one such outbreaks showed the prevalence of leptospirosis in these tribes. MAT, IgM and IgG ELISA were used for the detection of Leptospiral antibodies among Jarwas samples. Among 40 sera samples collected during a febrile out break, 40% of the samples showed antibodies against leptospirosis by MAT. Icterohaemorrhagiae was the major serogroup for the cause of leptospirosis among Jarwas and was followed by Hebdomadis and Pyrogenes. The highest titre observed was 1:320 against serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. IgM ELISA showed a seroprevalence rate of 20% where as IgG ELISA showed a prevalence of 63%. The highest titre observed for I gM ELISA was 1:320 and for IgG it was 1:160. The environment of the jungle where they live in is favorable for survival of leptospirosis and their association with domestic and wild animal has to be studied which could be one of the source for acquiring leptospiral infection.]]>Basu, B.K.,19901st Edn.,pp: 4-5pp: 4-5Chakraborty, D.K.,19901st Edn.,pp: 1-13pp: 1-13Faine, S., B. Adler, C. Bolin and P. Perolat,19991999pp: 169-184pp: 169-184Kumar, S.,19991999Murhekar, M.V., A.P. Sugunan, P. Vijayachari, S. Sharma and S.C. Sehgal,1998107218223Murhekar, M.V., K.M. Murhekar and S.C. Sehgal,200310232233Natarajaseenivasan, K. and S. Ratnam,20017111421144Pandit, T.N.,19901st Edn.,pp: 12-13pp: 12-13Rizvi, H.S.N.,19901st Edn.,pp: 1-7pp: 1-7Sehgal, S.C., M.V. Murhekar and A.P. Sugunan,1995102912Sehgal, S.C., P. Vijayachari, M.V. Murhekar, A.P. Sugunan, S. Sharma and S.S. Singh,1999122423428Singh, S.S., P. Vijayachari, A. Sinha, A.P. Sugunan, M.A. Rasheed and S.C. Sehgal,19991099499Sharma, S., P. Vijayachari, A.P. Sugunan and S.C. Sehgal,2003131985989Taylor, J. and A.N. Goyle,1931205556Terpstra, W.J., G.S. Lighthart and G.J. Schoone,1985131377385