Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science1816-49271996-0751Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/jfas.2009.296.305Edwardsiella tarda Vaccine Developed for Japanese Eel (Anguilla japonica)]]>HossainMd. Mer Mosharraf KawaiKenji 6200946This study aimed to design to evaluate the immunogenicity as well as the stability of inactivated bacterins in storage conditions to prevent edwardsiellosis in fish species. Three vaccine formulations, formalin (0.4%, FKC), pressure (600 kgf cm-2 for 5 min, PKC) and electric current (100 mA at 12v DC for 5 sec, ECKC) killed bacterin and a routes of administration with intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) was tested. The effectiveness of the immunization strategies was evaluated in terms of Relative Percent Survival (RPS) and antibody levels. On the basis of the results pressure inactivated vaccine via i.p. which confers RPS values over 85% at least 6 months post-vaccination. In the search for a more stable bacterin, inactivated E. tarda antigen was subjected to different storage temperatures. Storage at 4°C did not significantly affect the titer of PKC and antigenic potency remained stable for 6 month. However, with the bacterins FKC and ECKC there is a considerable loss of potency during stored at 4°C. Bacterins were discarded if exposed to temperature of 0°C or below, because the precise freezing point is not established. Bacterins loosed significant potency after 1 month when stored at 25°C.]]>Amend, D.F.,198149447454Ashida, T., E. Okimasu, M. Ui, M. Heguri, Y. Oyama and A. Amemura,1999Paralichthys olivaceus against experimental edwardsiellosis by formalin-killed Edwardsiella tarda in combination with oral administration of immunostimulants.]]>65527530Castro, N., A.E. Toranzo, S. Nunez and B. Magarinos,2008Edwardsiella tarda vaccine for cultured turbot (Scophthalmus maximus).]]>25208212Chinabut, S. and S. Puttinaowarat,2005121255261DePaola, A., J.T. Peeler and G.E. Rodrick,19956123352340Estevez, J., J. Leiro and A.E. Toranzo,1994Scophthalmus maximus) against vibriosis.]]>123197204European Pharmacopoeia,20024th Edn.,pp: 2290-2294pp: 2290-2294Ewing, W.H., A.C. McWhorter, M.R. Escobar and A.H. Lubin,1965Edwardsiella a new genus of Enterobacteriaceae based on a new species, E. tarda.]]>153338Gudding, R., A. Lillehaug and O. Evensen,199972203212Hamaguchi, M. and R. Kusuda,1989Pasteurella piscicida fomalin killed-bacterin against pseudotuberculosis in cultured yellowtail.]]>11611Kawai, K., Y. Liu, K. Ohnishi and S.I. Oshima,2004Edwardsiella tarda is an effective vaccine candidate.]]>2234113418Kwon, S.R., E.H. Lee, Y.K. Nam, S.K. Kim and K.H. Kim,2007Edwardsiella tarda ghosts against edwardsiellosis in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus).]]>2698488Kwon, S.R., Y.K. Nam, S.K. Kim, D.S. Kim and K.H. Kim,2005Edwardsiella tarda ghosts by bacteriophage PhiX174 lysis gene E.]]>2501621Kwon, S.R., Y.K. Nam, S.K. Kim and K.H. Kim,2006Oreochromis mosambicus) from edwardsiellosis by vaccination with Edwardsiella tarda ghosts.]]>20621626Laemmli, U.K.,1970227680685Lan, M.Z., X. Peng, M.Y. Xiang, Z.Y. Xia and W. Bo et al.,2007esrB mutant of Edwardsiella tarda and its potential as a vaccine against the haemorrhagic septicaemia in turbot, Scophthamus maximus (L.).]]>23521530Liu, Y., S. Oshima, K. Kurohara, K. Ohnishi and K. Kawai,2005Edwardsiella tarda against Edwardsiellosis.]]>49605612Mekuchi, T., T. Kiyokawa, K. Honda, T. Nakai and K. Muroga,199530251256Plumb, J.A.,1993Edwardsiella Septicaemia.]]>1993pp: 61-79pp: 61-79Schirmbeck, R., W. Bohm, K. Melber and J. Reimann,199515546764684Swain, P., A. Behura, S. Dash and S.K. Nayak,2007Labeo rohita to three species of pathogenic bacteria; Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda and Pseudomonas fluorescens.]]>117137141Taisuke, W., F. Soichi, H. Junichi, K. Tetsuya, O. Hirokazu and Y. Makari,20036971247129Tamura, K., R. Sakazaki, A.C. McWhorter and Y. Kosako,1988Edwardsiella tarda serotyping scheme for international use.]]>2623432346Thoesen, J.C.,19944th Edn.,Toranzo, A.E., Y. Santos, and J.L. Barja,19971997p: 93-106p: 93-106Tu, X.L. and K. Kawai,1999Edwardsiella tarda.]]>345964Vinitnantharat, S. and J.A. Plumb,1993Ictalurus punctatus following natural exposure to Edwardsiella ictaluri and effects of feeding antigen on antibody titer.]]>153134Zar, J.H.,19841984pp: 293-305pp: 293-305Erkmen, O., 2001Escherichia coli, in nutrient broth and milk. ]]>65131135Nowotny, A.,1969pp: 139-143pp: 139-143Manolache, S., E.B. Somers, A.C. Wong, V. Shamamian and F. Denes,20013537803785Jong-Chul, P., M.S. Lee, D.H. Lee, B.J. Park, D.W. Han, M. Uzawa and K. Takatori,20036924052408Huang, Y., H. Lou, X. Wu and Y. Chen, 2008Pseudosciaena crocea) and induced expression by formalin-inactivated Vibrio alginolyticus and Nocardia seriolae vaccine challenges.]]>25740750Dumrongphol, Y., T. Hirota, H. Kondo, T. Aoki and I. Hirono,2008Paralichthys olivaceus) head kidney up-regulated after vaccination with Streptococcus iniae formalin-killed cells.]]>26197200Carrias, A.A., J.S. Terhune, C.A. Sayles and J.A. Chappell,2008Ictalurus punctatus, fingerlings. ]]>39259266Bachmann, M.F., T.M. Kundig, C.P. Kalberer, H. Hengartner and R.M. Zinkernagel,19936739173922