Journal of Environmental Science and Technology1994-78872077-2181Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jest.2011.395.402MansourHeba F.GamalA. M.4201144Ultrasonic and conventional heating methods were performed to select the best solvent for Osage orange extraction. Distilled water and other co-solvents, such as water-acetone and water- ethanol mixtures were tested at concentrations of 10% v/v. Two grams of Osage orange powder was suspended in 20 cm3 of solvent in a thermostatic and ultrasonic bath. Extraction process was followed by the dyeing of woolen fabric to evaluate data. Ultrasonic assisted extraction at 60°C for 30 min possessed much higher dye absorbance and color strength at lower temperature and time rather than using the conventional heating method. 15% v/v water-acetone co-solvent released 32% of the total dye absorbency and 21% of color strength on the dyed woolen samples, this was followed by water-ethanol co-solvent then water which released 27 and 21% of dye absorbency and 19 and 16% of color strength, respectively. These data are relative to 10, 6 and 4% of dye absorbency and 18, 15 and 11% of color strength with the same co-ordinate solvents in case of using the conventional heating method. Absorption of dye is dependent on solvent polarity. In non-hydrogen-bond donating solvents, solvation of dye molecules probably occurs via dipole-dipole interactions, whereas in hydrogen-bond donating solvents the phenomenon is more hydrogen bonding in nature. Given that both ultrasonic and water acetone co-solvent in extracting Osage orange natural dye, are environmentally and new ecological acceptable for dyeing protein fabrics.]]>Aydin, A.H. and T. Zeki,2003138591Bevilaqua, T., T.F. Goncalves, C.G. Venturini and V.G. Machado,200665535542Bruckner, U., S. Struckmeier, J.H. Dittrich and R.D. Reumann,199732112115Bruce, R.L., N.V. Broadwood and D.G. King,200070525531Cox, P. and P. Leslie,19991999pp: 147-149pp: 147-149De Santis, D. and M. Moresi,200726151162Delle Monache, F., F. Ferrari and M. Pomponi,1984Maclura pomifera.]]>2314891492Delle Monache, G., R. Scurria, A. Vitali, B. Botta and B. Monacelli et al.,199437839839Deo, H.T. and B.K. Desai,1999115224227Glover, B.,1995271720Gomez, M.L., C.M. Previtali and H.A. Montejano,20046024332439Hollen, N., J. Saddler and A.L. Langford,19795th Edn.,Kawski, A.,200257A255262Mahmoud, Z.F.,198142299301Muhammad Rau, A., A. Ahmed Soliman and M. Khattab,20082219Oliveira, C.S., K.P. Bronco, M.S. Baptista and G.L. Indig,20025829712982Reichardt, C.,19949423192358Wolfrom, M.L., W.D. Harris, G.F. Johnson, J.E. Mahan, S.M. Moffet and B. Wildi,194668406418Wolfrom, M.L., E.E. Dickey, P. McWain, J.H. Looker, O.M. Windrath and F.Jr. Komitsky,196429689691Wolfrom, M.L, F.Jr. Komitsky, J.H. Looker, E.E. Dickey and P. McWain et al.,19641a-c.]]>29692697Wolfrom, M.L. and H.B. Bhat,19654765768Wolfrom, M.L, F.Jr. Komitsky and J.H. Looker,196530144149Wolfrom, M.L., F.Jr. Komitsky and P.M. Mundell,19653010881091Timar-Balazsy, A. and D. Eastop,19981st Edn.,Bechtold, T., A. Mahmud-Ali and R. Mussak,200775287293