Journal of Entomology1812-56701812-5689Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/je.2007.324.330Lygus elisus (Van Duzee) (Heteroptera: Miridae), on Spring Canola]]>DemirelN. CranshawW. 4200744The pale legume bug (PLB), Lygus elisus (Van Duzee), is one of the most important pests on canola plant in Colorado. A two-year study at early flower and pod stages of spring canola was conducted to evaluate plant yield responses for PLB in 2001-2002. Artificial infesting of number of PLB per head at early flower stages resulted in high yield losses than infestations at early pod stages in both years. In 2001, averaged yield losses for seven canola cultivars at early flower stages were 66, 63 and 72% and for five canola cultivars were 54, 66 and 63% with infested at 2, 8 and 16 PLB per head, respectively, compared to the non-infested control. However, such significant effects on yield following PLBinfestation at early flowering were not repeated at both trials in 2002. In 2001, averaged yield losses for seven canola cultivars at early pod stages were 22, 34 and 50% with infested at 2, 8 and 16 PLB per head and for five canola cultivars was 49% with infested 16 PLB per head. In addition, significant yield losses at early pod stages occurred on cultivar 46A65 when infested at the highest level at second trials in 2002. The comparisons of 10% yield loss occurred with infestations of 3.1-5.6 PLB per head (avg. 3.7) at early flowering stage and 3.4-19.0 PLB per head (avg. 9.6) at early pod stage infestations in both years. In conclusion, the proposal of economic injury levels for infested different number of PLB might be changed between 3.1-5.6 PLB per head at early flower stages and 3.4-19.0 PLB per head at early pod stages.]]>Butts, R.A. and R.J. Lamb,1990117253266Butts, R.A. and R.J. Lamb,1991Lygus bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) in oilseed Brassica crops.]]>8415911596Demirel, N., W. Cranshaw and A. Norton,2005Lygus sp. and an associated parasitoid, Leiophron uniformis (Gahan), in Colorado.]]>30915Kelton, L.A.,1975Lygus bugs (Genus Lygus Hahn) of North America (Heteroptera: Miridae).]]>951101Lamb, R.J.,198934211229Norris, R.F., E.P. Caswell-Chen and M. Kogan,2003pp: 586pp: 586SAS Institute Inc.,19904th Edn.,Schuh, R.T. and J.A. Slater,1995pp: 336pp: 336Timlick, B.H., W.J. Turnock and I. Wise,1993Lygus spp. (Heteroptera: Miridae) on alfalfa and canola in manitoba.]]>12510331041Turnock, W.J., G.H. Gerber, B.H. Timlick and R.J. Lamb,1995Lygus species (Heteroptera: Miridae) in Manitoba.]]>75731736Pedigo, L.P., S.H. Hutchins and L.G. Higley, 198631341368Wise, I.L. and R.J. Lamb,1998Lygus spp. (Heteroptera: Miridae), in canola.]]>130825836Wise, I.L. and R.J. Lamb,1998Lygus spp. (Heteroptera: Miridae), in canola to make control decisions.]]>130837851Wheeler, Jr. A.G.,20011st Edn.,