Journal of Biological Sciences1727-30481812-5719Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jbs.2012.51.56Apium graveolens L. Ethanol Extract and its Fraction on the Activity of Xanthine Oxidase and its Active Compound]]>IswantiniDyah Nadinah Kosim DarusmanLatifah Trivadila 12012121Apium graveolens, one of the traditional medicinal plants, has a potential as anti-gout. We have reported that flavonoid of A. graveolens could inhibit activity of xanthine oxidase enzyme up to 85.44%. The aim of the research was to investigate the type of inhibition kinetic of A. graveolens ethanol crude extract and its fraction inhibition kinetic, also to determine the active compound. The result of the research showed that the yield of A. graveolens ethanol crude extract was 10.40 % (LC50 1968.19 mg L-1) with the inhibition activity was 6.04% until 74.01% (100-2000 mg L-1). Inhibition kinetic of 1500 mg L-1 crude extract caused increased KM (0.10 mM) and unchanged Vmax. Based on these data, the type of inhibition was competitive. Purification of crude extract resulted 7 fractions and the highest activity was achieved by fraction 6 (inhibition activity was 85.08%). The purification of crude extract caused the increasing of inhibition activity effect. Inhibition kinetic of fraction 6 (150 mg L-1) caused increase KM (0.30 mM) and unchanged of Vmax. Based on that, the type of inhibition was competitive. Purification of fraction 6 resulted 6 fraction and the highest activity was achieved by fraction 5 (inhibition activity was 88.41%). Based on analysis of LCMS and NMR, the active compound of A. graveolens extract (fraction 5) were potential to inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase, the active compound was 5, 7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one and 2, 3-dihydro-6-hidroxy-5-benzofuran carboxylic acid.]]>Apaya, K.L. and C.L. Chichioco-Hernandez,20115289292Finney, D.J.,19713rd Edn.,Colthup, N.B., L.H. Daly and S.E. Wiberley,19752nd Edn.,Filha, F.Z.S., I.F. Vitolo, L.G. Fietto, J.A. Lombardi and D.A. Saude-Guimaraes,2006Lychnophora species from Brazil (Arnica).]]>1077982Harborne, J.B.,1987Pages: 97Pages: 97Iswantini, D., L. Darusman, M. Rahminiwati, Iskandar and R. Heryanto,2005Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia L.) and celery (Apium Graveolens L.) as antigout: In vivo assay and bioactive compounds.]]>2005pp: 242253Lin, J.K., P.C. Chen, C.T. Ho and S.Y. Lin-Shiau,20004827362743Jiao, R.H., H.M. Ge, D.A. Shi and R.X. Tan2006Palhinhaea cernua.]]>6910891091Kong, L.D., Y. Cai, W.W. Huang, C.H. Cheng and R.X. Tan,200073199207Nagao, A., M. Seki and H. Kobayashi,19996317871790Pavia, D.L., G.M. Lampman and G.S. Kriz,19962nd Edn.,Tamta, H., S. Kalra and A.K. Mukhopadhyay,200571S49S54Umamaheswari, M., K. AsokKumar, A. Somasundaram, T. Sivashanmugam, V. Subhadradevi and T.K. Ravi,2007109547551Voet, D. and J.G. Voet,2001Yu, K.H.,200716975Iswantini, D., L.K. Darusman and R. Hidayat,2009Sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia L.) as antigout and inhibition kenetics of flavonoids crude extract on the activity of xanthine oxidase.]]>9504508Iswantini, D. and L. Darusman,2003Sidaguri extract as an uric acid lowering agent on the activity of xanthine oxidase enzyme.]]>2003