Journal of Biological Sciences1727-30481812-5719Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jbs.2012.272.279Al-AmriHawazen LarySahira KumosaniTaha 52012125The increasing reports of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) among the children of Saudi Arabia are of due scientific concern. Random mid-day urine samples were obtained from 30 diabetic patients (15 males, 15 females) and 50 subjects (25 males, 25 females) not under medication and without clinical evidence of renal disease or diabetes mellitus were used as controls. Two urinary enzymes, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and Alanine Aminopeptidase (AAP) were measured in the urine, together with microalbuminuria, total protein and Creatinine (Cr) concentrations. In diabetic patients, NAG, Microalbuminuria (MAU) and Total Protein (TP) were found to be elevated which indicated that these children were prone to kidney damage in the future. However, as these diabetic children had not yet developed any clinically measurable kidney damage, therefore other parameters such as, Alkaline Phosphatase (AP), AAP and urinary creatinine were not elevated. This elevation in the enzyme-levels was most probably due to dysfunction of their kidneys. Urinary NAG assay therefore could be used as an alternative measurement of renal dysfunction. The assay coupled to the logistic regression equation described herein, is expected to be a useful clinical tool for predicting incipient nephropathy in adults and children. A routine check-up focused on the markers mentioned in this study might help the patients in practicing caution to avoid any future health threat posed by diabetes and associated kidney damage.]]>Bennet, P.H.,19831983pp: 43-57pp: 43-57Bonsnes, R.W. and H.H. Taussky,1945158581591Bradford, M.M.,197672248254Burdmann, E.A., T.F. Andoh, J. Lindsley, J. Russel, W.M. Bennett and G. Porter,199416161168Cohn, R.M. and K.S. Roth,1996pp: 202-206pp: 202-206Lary, S.A.,2004151826Little, R.R., J.D. England, H.M. Wiedmeyer, E.M. McKenzie and R. Mitra et al.,198632358360Mattenheimer, H., K. Jung and Grlsch,19921992pp: 99-109pp: 99-109Middle, F.A., A. Banister, A.J. Bellingham and P.E. Dean,1983209771779Price, R.G. and P.H. Whiting,19921992pp: 203-216pp: 203-216Price, R.G.,199230693705Simeoni, U., B. Schnitzler, T. Massfelder, C. Hirt and C. Koehl et al.,19946516Sasaki, H., N. Takeda, I. Kawamura, Y. Nishida, K. Kikuchi and M. Tanaka,19964669Kavukcu, S., A. Soylu and M. Turkmen,200256711Stefanovic, V., M. Rajic, S. Antic, M. Mitic-Zlatkovic, S. Stojiljkovic, M.A. Ivic and P. Vlahovic,200340235238Hsiao, P.H., W.S. Tsai, W.Y. Tsai, J.S. Lee, Y.K. Tsau and C.H. Chen,199616300303Wellwood, J.M., B.G. Ellis, R.G. Price, K. Hammond, A.E. Thompson and N.F. Jones,19753408411Yuen, C.T., P.R. Kind, R.G. Price, P.F.G. Praill and A.C. Richardson,198421295300Dubach, U.C. and U. Schmid,1979Jung, K., M. Pergande, E. Schinrte, K.P. Ratzmann and A. Lius,198834544547Jung, K., H. Mattenheimer and U. Burchardt,1992pp: 10-16pp: 10-16El-Hazmi, M.A.F. and A.S. Warsy,19899435438Al-Khader, A.A.,20011621322135El-Hazmi, M.A.F.,1990111017Moore, T.H. and J.P. Shield,200083239243Schultz, C.J., T. Konopelska-Bahu, R.N. Dalton, T.A. Carroll and I. Stratton et al.,199922495502Crook, A.M.,20067th Edn.,pp: 174-197pp: 174-197American Diabetes Association Inc,200427S79S83Rehman, G., S.A. Khan and M. Hamayun,2005252529Raja, M.M.M., A. Raja, M.M. Imran, A.M.I. Santha and K. Devasena,2011105159Fathy, M.A., M.M. Elkady, H.A. Fathy, S.A. Awad and A.A. Elmenshawy,20094207211Karakani, A.M., S.A. Haghighi, M.G. Khansari and R. Hosseini,200721413417Uslu, S., B. Efe and O. Alatas, N. Kebapci, O. Colak, C. Demirustu and A. Yoruk,200518559567Basturk, T., Y. ltuntas, A. Kurklu, L. Aydin, N. Eren and A. Unsal,200628126128Calatlano, C., P.H. Winocour, S. Parlongo, S. Gillespie and K.S. Alberti,199673613618Hong, C.Y. and K.S. Chia,1998124360Salem, M.A., S.A. El-Habashy, O.M. Saeid, M.M. El-Tawil and P.H. Tawfik,200233741Ruggenenti, P., A. Fassi and A.P. Ilieva, S. Bruno and I.P. Iliev et al.,200435119411951Price, R.G.,199238S14S19D'Amico, G. and C. Bazzi,200312639643Piwowar, A., M. Knapik-Kordecka, I. Fus and M. Warwas,200612CR210CR214Pollard, J.W., M. Jahan and P.J. Butterworth,199089735742Hameed, A., S.A. Malik, F. Rabbi, A. Sharif and N. Ahmad et al.,20022710714American Diabetes Association,200528S37S42Ibrahim, H.A. and J.P. Vora,199913239264