Journal of Biological Sciences1727-30481812-5719Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jbs.2010.145.150SoltanialvarM. ShoushtariH. BozorgmehrifardM. CharkhkarS. EshratabadiF. 22010102A total of 512 tissue samples collected from 30 farms located in various states of Iran during 2008-2009 as part of a program to monitor AIV infection in Iran poultry population. Avian influenza virus was isolated from poultry farms with history of respiratory illness and increased mortality. Nucleotide sequence analysis of five representative isolates confirmed that all isolates possessed one type of amino acid motif (R-S-S-R/GL) at cleavage site of HA, Deduced amino acid sequences showed the presence of L226 (234 in H9 numbering) in all five Iranian isolates which indicates a preference to binding of α (2-6) sialic acid receptors. The viruses' surface glycoproteins genes were >90% similar to those of A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97 (H9N2) lineage. The neuraminidase stalks regions in these viruses had no deletion as compared to that A/Dk/HK/ Y280/97 lineage (Ck/Bei-like viruses) and the 2 human isolates A/HK/1073/99, A/HK/1074/99. The hemadsorbing site of neuraminidase had up to 3 amino acid substitutions and is different from those of earlier Iranian viruses. Phylogenetic analysis HA and NA genes showed that they share a common ancestor Qa/HK/G1/97 isolate which had contributed internal genes of H5N1 virus.]]>Aamir, U.B., U. Wernery, N. Ilyushina and R.G. Webster,20073614555Alexander, D.J.,20072556375644Bano, S., K. Naeem and S.A. Malik,200347817822Baum, L.G. and J.C. Paulson,19911801015Fouchier, R.A.M., V. Munster, A. Wallensten, T.M. Bestebroer and S. Herfst et al.,2005influenza A virus hemagglutinin subtype (H16) obtained from black-headed gulls.]]>7928142822Gambarian, A.S., S.S. Iamnikova, D.K. L'vov, J.S. Robertson, R.G. Webster and M.N. Matrosovich,200236542549Guan, Y., K.F. Shortridge, S. Krauss, P.S. Chin and K.C. Dyrting et al.,20007493729380Guo, Y.J., S. Krauss, D.A. Senne, I.P. Mo and K.S. Lo et al.,2000267279288Kim, J.A., S.H. Cho, H.S. Kim and S.H. Seo,2006118169176Kishida, N., Y. Sakoda, M. Eto and H. Kida,2004Staphylococcus aureus or Haemophilus paragallinarum exacerbates H9N2 influenza A virus infection in chicken.]]>14920952104Kobasa, D., K. Wells and Y. Kawaoka,2001751177311780Matrosovich, M.N., S. Krauss and R.G. Webster,2001281156162Nagarajan, S., K. Rajukumar, C. Tosh, V. Ramaswamy and K. Purohit et al.,2009133154163Nili, H. and K. Asasi,200231247252Ninomiya, A., A. Takda, K. Okazaki, K.F. Shortridge and H. Kida,200288107114OIE Manual,2005Part 2, Section 2.1, Chapter 2.1.14.Peiris, M., K.Y. Yuen, C.W. Leung, K.H. Chan and P.L.S. Ip et al.,1999354916917Perdue, M.L., M. Garcia, D. Senne and M. Fraire,199749173186Riedel, S.,2006191620Shortridge, K.F., W.K. Butterfield, R.G. Webster and C.H. Campbell,1977551520Suzuki, Y.,200528399408Xu, K.M., G.J.D. Smith, J. Bahl, L. Duan and H. Tai et al.,2007811038910401