Journal of Biological Sciences1727-30481812-5719Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jbs.2009.413.422QurtamAshraf A. AlkahtaniSaad TarboushF.M. Abou AlarifiSaud A. Al-QahtaniAhmed AL-EissaMohammed 5200995In this study, we evaluated the effect of the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity induced by sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) in normal adult male SWR/J mouse bone marrow cells. Animals were subjected to intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of NaAsO2 at various dose levels (1, 0.5 and 0.25 LD5, which corresponds to 9, 4.50 and 2.25 mg kg-1 b. wt.) and killed 24 h later. Another group of male mice were treated with 30 mg kg-1 b. wt. of the synthetic antioxidant and hypermethylizing agent butylated hydroxytoluene 1 h prior to NaAsO2 administration. The three single doses of sodium arsenite significantly (p<0.05) increased the rate of total structural Chromosomal Aberrations (CAs), Sister Chromatid Exchanges (SCEs), micronucleus (MNs) formation, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and Lamina-A degradation and apoptosis compared with the negative control. In the combined treatment with BHT, no significant effect was observed in the rate of CAs or SCEs, whereas a significant decrease was observed in the rate of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) at medium and high doses. The present study has shown that administration of an antioxidant had a negative effect as represented in the rate of CAs, PARP and Lamina-A degradation and apoptosis. On the other hand, the antioxidant had a positive effect as represented in the decreased rate of pulverized chromosomes and MN formation.]]>Adler, I.D.,19841984pp: 275-306pp: 275-306Allen, J., C. Shuler and S. Latt,1978in vivo study of DNA synthesis.]]>4393405Banu, B., K. Danadevi, K. Jamil, Y. Ahuja, K. Rao and M. Ishag,2001In vivo genotoxic effect of arsenic trioxide in mice using comet assay.]]>162171177Bhattacharya, A. and S. Bhattacharya,2007Clarias batrachus: Involvement of peroxisomes.]]>66178187Bhattacharya, K., E. Dopp, P. Kakkar, F. Jaffery and D. Schhiffmann et al.,2005579621Bishayi, B. and M. Sengupta,20066454464Biswas, S., G. Talukder and A. Sharma,1999Emblica officinalis fruit.]]>13513516Biswas, S., G. Talukder and A. Sharma,1999in vivo.]]>441155160Bjerke, S. and R. Roller,2006L34 and US3 proteins in disrupting the nuclear lamina during herps simplex virus type 1 egress.]]>347261267Brink, A., B. Schulz, K. Kobras, W. Lutz and H. Stopper,2006603121128Brock, W., L. Milas, S. Bergh, R. Lo, C. Szabo and A. Mason,2004205155160Chen, H., J. Zhou and Y. Dai,2000in vivo and in vitro apoptosis of tobacco protoplasts induced by heat shock.]]>280165168Chou, W.C., A.L. Hawkins, J.F. Barrett, C.A. Griffin and C.V. Dang,200110815411547Chowdhury, R., A. Dutta, S. Chaudhuri, N. Sharma, A. Giri and K. Chaudhuri,2008In vitro and in vivo reduction of sodium arsenite induced toxicity by aqueous garlic extract.]]>46740751Cohen, M., Y. Gruenbaum, K. Lee and K. Wilson,2001264147De Hondt, H.A., A.M. Fahmy and S.A. Abdelbaset,19846851860Dopp, E., L. Hartmann, A. Florea, U. Recklinghausen and R. Pieper et al.,2004201156165Florea, A.M. and D. Busselberg,20081793442Garcia, C., F. Darroudi, A. Tates and A. Natarajan,20014925967Grillo, C. and F. Dulout,19953457378Hagiwara, M., E. Watanabe, J. Barrett and T. Tsutsui,2006603111120Hayashi, M., R. Tice, J. MacGregor, D. Anderson and D. Blakey et al.,1994In vivo rodent erythrocyte micronucleus assay.]]>312293304Han, Y., S. Kim and W. Park,20082704055Hocman, G.,198820639651Hossain, K., A. Akhand, M. Kato, J. Due and K. Takeda et al.,200016542904297Jagetia, G.C. and T.K. Reddy,20025193748Jhala, D.D., N.J. Chinoy and M.V. Rao,20084611381142Jin, H., S. Seo, S. Woo, H. Lee and E. Kim et al.,200861317327Kang, H.M., S.K. Lee, D.S. Shin, M.Y. Lee and D.C. Han et al.,200678607613Klein, C.B., J. Leszczynska, T.C. Hickey and T. Rossman,2007222289297Latt, S., J. Allen, S. Bloom, A. Carrano and E. Falke et al.,1981871762Lee, Y., L. Broday and M. Costa,1998415213218Lerda, D.,1994312111120Loredo, J., A. Ordonez and R. Alvarez,2006136455467Mahata, J., A. Basu, S. Ghashal, J. Sarkar and A. Roy et al.,2003534133143Manna, P., M. Sinha, P. Pal and P.C. Sil,2007170187200MartÃnez, V., A. Creus, W. Venegas, A. Arroyo and J.P. Beck et al.,2005155319327Mathas, S., A. Lietz, M. Janz, M. Hinz and F. Jundt et al.,200310210281034Mclaren, S.H., D. Gao, L. Chen, R. Lin and J.R. Eshleman et al.,200615972Miller, W.H., H.M. Schipper, J.S. Lee, J. Singer and S. Waxman,20026238933903Pati, P. and S. Bhunya,1989in vivo test system.]]>222149154Patlolla, A.K. and P.B. Tchounwou,2005587126133Preston, R., B. Dean, S. Galloway, H. Holden, A. MeFee and M. Shelby,1987189157165Reichard, J., M. Schnekenburger and A. Puga,2007352188192Reynaud, K. and M. Driancourt,2000163101108Scappaticci, S., C. Danesino, E. Rossi, C. Kelersy and G. Fiori et al.,2000111258262Sciandrello, G., R. Barbaro, F. Caradonna and G. Barbata,20021799103Seok, S.H., M.W. Baek, H.Y Lee, D.J. Kim and Y.R. Na et al.,200721870877Shi, H., L. Hudson and K. Liu,200437582593Steiblen, G., T. Orsiere, C. Pallen, A. Botta and D. Marzin,2005588143151Takahashi, A., P. Clermont, E. Alnemri, T. Fernandes and K. Yoshizawa et al.,1997231123131Toribio, M. and J. Romanya,20053631121Tsutsui, T., Y. Tamura, M. Hagiwara, T. Miyachi, H. Hikiba, C. Kubo and J. Barrett,200021735740Vardanyan, L. and B. Ingole,200632208218Wang, Y.C., R.H. Chaung and L.C. Tung,2004696779Wijk, S. and G. Hageman,2005398190Steiblen, G., T. Orsiere, C. Pallen, A. Botta and D. Marzin,2005588143151Moronvalle-Halley, V., B. Sacre-Salem, V. Sallez, G. Labbe and J.C. Gautier,2005207203214