Journal of Applied Sciences1812-56541812-5662Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jas.2008.2300.2305GoudarziM. PakniyatH. 122008812The effects of salt stress (NaCl and Na2SO4 in
1:1 ratio) on the activity of peroxidase (POD), proline accumulation,
protein, Na + and K + contents and K + /Na +
ratio were studied on leaves of two maize and wheat genotypes. Wheat cvs.,
[Kavir (tolerant) and Ghods (sensitive)] and maize cvs. [704 (tolerant)
and 666 (semi-tolerant)] were grown under control (ECe = 1.26 dS m 1)
and two levels of salinity (ECe = 6.8 and 13.8 dS m 1, respectively)
in a greenhouse. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial treatments
with three replications was used. Salinity stress decreased K +
and K + /Na + ratio and increased Na + , proline,
protein and POD activity in both genotypes of wheat and maize under both
salinity levels. Furthermore the results showed a lower amount of proline,
protein and POD activity in wheat than maize cvs. On the other hand, the
higher amounts of K + and K + /Na + ratios
which were found in wheat than maize resulted in better ion homeostasis
in wheat that caused this species to have a higher tolerance than maize.
In wheat cvs.; salinity stress resulted in an increase in proline and
protein contents, POD activity, K + and K + /Na +
ratio in Kavir cultivar than Ghods. However, Ghods cultivar showed a higher
Na + content than Kavir. In maize, cultivar 704 showed a higher
increase in proline and protein contents, POD activity, K +
and K + /Na + ratio and a lower increase in Na +
than 666 cultivar. Maize cvs. showed a higher level of proline, protein
and POD activity than wheat cvs., but these components may have been a
reaction to salt stress in maize and not a plant response associated with
tolerance. The results of this study suggest that Na + and K +
contents and K + /Na + ratio in maize as a C4
plant and in wheat as a C3 plant may be considered for selecting
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