<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
  PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.0 20040830//EN" "http://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/2.0/journalpublishing.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="2.0" xml:lang="EN">

  <front>

    <journal-meta>

      <journal-title>Information Technology Journal</journal-title>

      <issn pub-type="ppub">1812-5638</issn>

      <issn pub-type="epub">1812-5646</issn>

      <publisher>

        <publisher-name>Asian Network for Scientific Information</publisher-name>

      </publisher>

    </journal-meta>


    <article-meta>

      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3923/itj.2013.2440.2446</article-id>


      <title-group>

        <article-title><![CDATA[Central Limit Theorem based Cellular Automata for Generating Normal Random Numbers]]></article-title>

      </title-group>


      <contrib-group>

        <contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple">


          <name name-style="western">

            <surname>Jaberi</surname>

            <given-names>Alireza</given-names>

          </name>


          <name name-style="western">

            <surname>Ayanzadeh</surname>

            <given-names>Ramin</given-names>

          </name>


          <name name-style="western">

            <surname>Raisi</surname>

            <given-names>Elaheh</given-names>

          </name>


          <name name-style="western">

            <surname>Sadighi</surname>

            <given-names>Aidin</given-names>

          </name>


        </contrib>

      </contrib-group>


      <pub-date pub-type="collection">




        <month>12</month>


        <year>2013</year>

      </pub-date>


      <volume>12</volume>

      <issue>12</issue>


      <abstract><![CDATA[<p>Taking into consideration the significance of normal distribution in statistical applications, it is fundamental to have an efficient and reliable method to generate Gaussian random numbers. This study proposes an innovative method to generate normal random numbers. The main novelties of this algorithm lie in the following: using multiple layers of cellular automata in which central limit theorem is applied to generate normal random numbers; and employing binary cellular automata motivated by Pseudo-Neumann neighborhood structure. To evaluate the functionality of proposed approach, extensive experiments have been carried out in terms of normality of generated random numbers. Simulation results show that multi-layer cellular automata produce better normal random numbers than MATLAB&#146;s random number generator which justifies its efficiency and good performance in statistical tests.</p>]]></abstract>


    </article-meta>

  </front>


  <ref-list>




      <ref id="360655">

        <label>1</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Ayanzadeh, R., K. Hassani, Y. Moghaddas, H. Gheiby and S. Setayeshi,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2009</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Innovative approach to generate uniform random numbers based on a novel cellular automata.]]></article-title>

          <source>J. Applied Sci.,</source>

          <volume>9</volume>

          <fpage>4071</fpage>

          <lpage>4075</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>


















      <ref id="213896">

        <label>2</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Ayanzadeh, R., E. Shahamatnia and S. Setayeshi,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2009</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Determining optimum queue length in computer networks by using memetic algorithms.]]></article-title>

          <source>J. Applied Sci.,</source>

          <volume>9</volume>

          <fpage>2847</fpage>

          <lpage>2851</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>
























      <ref id="29025">

        <label>3</label>

        <citation citation-type="conference" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Ayanzadeh, R., K. Hassani, Y. Moghaddas, H. Gheiby and S. Setayeshi,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2010</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Multi-layer CA for normal random number generation.]]></article-title>

          <source>Proceedings of the 18th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering,</source>

          <volume>2010</volume>

          <fpage></fpage>

          <lpage></lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>












      <ref id="886730">

        <label>4</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Ayanzadeh, R., A.S.Z. Mousavi and E. Shahamatnia,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2012</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Fuzzy cellular automata based random numbers generation.]]></article-title>

          <source>Trends Applied Sci. Res.,</source>

          <volume>7</volume>

          <fpage>96</fpage>

          <lpage>102</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>


















      <ref id="833240">

        <label>5</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Ayanzadeh, R., A.S.Z. Mousavi and H. Navidi,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2011</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Honey bees foraging optimization for mixed Nash equilibrium estimation.]]></article-title>

          <source>Trends Applied Sci. Res.,</source>

          <volume>6</volume>

          <fpage>1352</fpage>

          <lpage>1359</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>




















      <ref id="40004">

        <label>6</label>

        <citation citation-type="book" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Banks, J., J. Carson, B.L. Nelson and D. Nicol,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2004</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Discrete-Event System Simulation.]]></article-title>

          <source>Discrete-Event System Simulation.</source>

          <volume>4th Edn.,</volume>

          <fpage></fpage>

          <lpage></lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>


















      <ref id="40006">

        <label>7</label>

        <citation citation-type="book" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Bar-Yam, Y.,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>1997</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Dynamics of Complex Systems.]]></article-title>

          <source>Dynamics of Complex Systems.</source>

          <volume> </volume>

          <fpage>Pages: 848</fpage>

          <lpage>Pages: 848</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>
















      <ref id="789449">

        <label>8</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Brent, R.P.,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>1994</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[On the periods of generalized Fibonacci recurrences.]]></article-title>

          <source>Math. Comput. Conf.,</source>

          <volume>63</volume>

          <fpage>389</fpage>

          <lpage>401</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>


















      <ref id="884253">

        <label>9</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Jaberi, A., R. Ayanzadeh and A.S.Z. Mousavi,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2012</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Two-layer cellular automata based cryptography.]]></article-title>

          <source>Trends Applied Sci. Res.,</source>

          <volume>7</volume>

          <fpage>68</fpage>

          <lpage>77</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>


















      <ref id="290689">

        <label>10</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Lilliefors, H.W.,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>1967</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[On the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality with mean and variance unknown.]]></article-title>

          <source>J. Am. Stat. Assoc.,</source>

          <volume>62</volume>

          <fpage>399</fpage>

          <lpage>402</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>
























      <ref id="29027">

        <label>11</label>

        <citation citation-type="conference" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Moghaddas, Y., R. Ayanzadeh and A.T. Hagigat,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2008</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[A new algorithm for improving the uniformity of random number generators based on calculation with monte carlo method.]]></article-title>

          <source>Proceedings of the of 2nd Joint Congress on Fuzzy and Intelligent Systems,</source>

          <volume>2008</volume>

          <fpage></fpage>

          <lpage></lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>












      <ref id="817544">

        <label>12</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Sarkar, P.,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2000</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[A brief history of cellular automata.]]></article-title>

          <source>ACM Comput. Surv.,</source>

          <volume>32</volume>

          <fpage>80</fpage>

          <lpage>107</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>




















      <ref id="78396">

        <label>13</label>

        <citation citation-type="book" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Schifi, J.L.,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2008</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Cellular Automata: A Discrete View of the World.]]></article-title>

          <source>Cellular Automata: A Discrete View of the World.</source>

          <volume> </volume>

          <fpage>Pages: 252</fpage>

          <lpage>Pages: 252</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>
















      <ref id="783938">

        <label>14</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Shahamatnia, E., R. Ayanzadeh, R.A. Ribeiro and S. Setayeshi,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2011</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Adaptive imitation scheme for memetic algorithms.]]></article-title>

          <source>Adv. Inform. Commun. Technol.,</source>

          <volume>349</volume>

          <fpage>109</fpage>

          <lpage>116</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>


















      <ref id="173264">

        <label>15</label>

        <citation citation-type="journal" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Stephens, M.A.,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>1974</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[EDF statistics for goodness of fit and some comparisons.]]></article-title>

          <source>J. Am. Stat. Assoc.,</source>

          <volume>69</volume>

          <fpage>730</fpage>

          <lpage>737</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>
























      <ref id="13245">

        <label>16</label>

        <citation citation-type="conference" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Viega, J.,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>2003</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Practical random number generation in software.]]></article-title>

          <source>Proceedings of the 19th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference,</source>

          <volume>2003</volume>

          <fpage>pp: 129</fpage>

          <lpage>140</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>


















      <ref id="13246">

        <label>17</label>

        <citation citation-type="conference" xlink:type="simple">

          <person-group person-group-type="author">

            <name name-style="western">

              <surname>Wolfram, S.,</surname>

              <given-names></given-names>

            </name>

          </person-group>

          <year>1986</year>

          <article-title><![CDATA[Cryptography with cellular automata.]]></article-title>

          <source>Proceedings of the Advances in Cryptology,</source>

          <volume>1986</volume>

          <fpage>pp: 429</fpage>

          <lpage>432</lpage>

        </citation>

      </ref>










  </ref-list>

</article>

