International Journal of Zoological Research1811-97781811-9786Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ijzr.2013.49.57Duttaphrynus melanostictus From India and China as Revealed from the Study of 12S and 16S mtDNA Genes]]>DuttaDebojyoti DasSanjib Kr. 2201392In the present study, the phylogenetic relationship of Duttaphrynus melanostictus from West Bengal, India with other members of the Bufonidiae group was undertaken using partial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genes. Mitochondria were isolated from the liver of Duttaphrynus melanostictus by a non-conventional method of membrane filtration. The technique allows trapping of mitochondria on cellulose acetate membrane followed by mtDNA isolation. 12S ribosomal RNA and 16S ribosomal RNA was sequenced with primers designed in our laboratory. mtDNA sequence from 18 different Bufo sp. found across the world were used for the phylogenetic analysis. Results were interpreted from the transition/transversion of nucleotides, genetic distance and maximum parsimony analysis. The findings indicates that D. melanostictus is very closely related to the Bufo melanostictus of China. The possible reasons of such close similarity between two distantly residing species (D. melanostictus of India and Bufo melanostictus of China) have been discussed.]]>Avise, J.C.,1986312325342Bocxlaer, I.V., S.D. Biju, S.P. Loader and F. Bossuyt,20099131140Chatterjee, S. and C.R. Scotese,199965397425Felsenstein, J.,198539783791France, L.C., L. Derry and A. Michard,199374603621Frost, D.R., T. Grant, J. Faivovich, R.H. Bain and A. Haas et al.,20062971291Graybeal, A.,1997119297338Gyllensten, U., D. Wharton and A.C. Wilson,198576321324Klootwijk, C.T., J.S. Gee, J.W. Peirce, G.M. Smith and P.L. McFadden,199220395398Liu, W., A. Lathrop, J. Fu, D. Yang and R.W. Murphy,20001423435Nei, M. and S. Kumar,2000Pages: 352Pages: 352Noonan, B.P. and P. Gaucher,20051430173031Molnar, P. and P. Tapponier,19772363041Pramuk, J.B.,2006146407452Tamura, K. and M. Nei,199310512526Tamura, K. and S. Kumar,20021917271736Zhang, P., H. Zhou, Y.Q. Chen, Y.F. Liu and L.H. Qu,200554391400Zhang, Z., S. Schwartz, L. Wagner and W. Miller,20007203214