International Journal of Poultry Science
1682-8356
1994-7992
Asian Network for Scientific Information
10.3923/ijps.2008.686.691
Awad
W.A.
Ghareeb
K.
Nitsch
S.
Pasteiner
S.
Abdel-Raheem
S.
Böhm
J.
7
2008
7
7
Due to growing concerns about antibiotic resistance and the potential for a ban
for antibiotic growth promoters, there is an increasing interest in finding alternatives
to antibiotics in poultry production. The effects of prebiotics and probiotics
or direct fed microbials (DFM) on gut health and performance in poultry as well
as other species are studied. The interactions between intestinal microbiota,
the gut epithelium and the immune system are important in the competitive exclusion
process. Such feed additives have already been shown to affect relevant functions
of the intestinal mucosa such as lowering the secretory response to theophylline
or stimulating sodium/glucose cotransport in rat, but knowledge of the plausible
interactions between food contaminants and natural components has not yet been
studied. In this study we examined the effects of prefeeding of a microbial feed
additive (Lactobacillus sp.), prebiotic (chicory rich in inulin) and synbiotic
feed additive (combination of probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium, prebiotic
chicory rich in inulin and immune stimulating substances derived from sea algae)
on glucose transport of isolated jejunal mucosa of broiler chicks in the presence
or absence of deoxynivalenol by the Ussing chamber technique. The addition of
glucose on the mucosal side in Ussing chamber produced a significant increase
in short-circuit current (Isc) (P < 0.001) in all treated groups relative to
the basal values. This increase in Isc for prebiotic and probiotic feed additives
is equivalent to an increase of about 2 times that for the basal values and 3
times for the synbiotic group, while in the control group is about half fold that
for the basal value. Further addition of DON to the mucosal solution decreased
the D-glucose-stimulated current and returned to the basal value. In the second
experiments, the addition of D-glucose to the mucosal side after preincubation
of the control tissues with DON had no effect on the Isc (P > 0.05). While,
the glucose addition after preincubation of the tissue with DON produced a higher
increase in the Isc from the basal values in the prebiotic group (70%), probiotic
group (20%) and the synbiotic group (26%) compared with the control group (13%),
suggesting that the dietary prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic supplementation
of the broilers increased the glucose transport in the presence of DON which could
be promising to reduce the alterations caused by DON on gut physiology. This may
offer the host protection against the negative effects of DON on intestinal glucose
absorption. Thus, this study supports the concept that probiotics, prebiotic and
synbiotic may exert beneficial effects in the gastrointestinal tract.]]>