International Journal of Pharmacology1811-77751812-5700Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ijp.2021.370.379XianchuLiu ChanghaoCheng BeiwangDeng HuanPeng MingLiu 62021176Background and Objective: Diabetes is fundamentally connected with the inability of cognition. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has multiple biologic functions and is diffusely utilized in diabetic complications. The current study aimed to explore the improvement effect of CGA on cognitive deficits in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The model of the diabetic rat was constituted by STZ (50 mg kg1). The experiment rats were treated with CGA (30 mg kg1/day) by gastric perfusion for 8 weeks. After the last treatment, Morris water maze was examined to estimate cognitive function. In hippocampus tissue, the spectrophotometer was performed to evaluate SOD, CAT, GSH and MDA levels. The qRT-PCR and ELISA were utilized to analyze TNF-α and IL-1β contents. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of BDNF, GFAP Nrf-2 and HO-1. Results: Current data demonstrated that CGA reduced escape latency and increased times of crossing platform in Morris water maze test to improve diabetic-induced learning and memory impairments. CGA inhibited AChE and GFAP expressions, while augmented ChAT, BDNF, Nrf-2 and HO-1 expressions in the hippocampus. Moreover, CGA promoted SOD, CAT and GSH levels and suppressed MDA concentration to mitigate oxidative stress. Meanwhile, CGA inhibited TNF-a and IL-1β contents to relieve inflammatory response. Lastly, CGA restrained Bax/Bcl-2 ratio to alleviate apoptosis. Conclusion: CGA protected against diabetic-induced learning and memory impairments via improvement of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis and could be used as a novel therapeutic in the prevention and treatment of DACD.]]>Nna, V.U., A.B.A. Bakar, A. Ahmad and M. Mohamed,2020126377388Harding, J.L., M.E. Pavkov, D.J. Magliano, J.E. Shaw and E.W. Gregg,201962316Cole, J.B. and J.C. Florez,202016377390Chen, R., J. Shi, Q. Yin, X. Li and Y. Sheng et al.,2018651528Choi, S.H., R. Lee, S.M. Nam, D.G. Kim and I.H. Cho,20212021Biessels, G.J. and F. Despa,201814591604Farbood, Y., S. Ghaderi, M. Rashno, S.E. Khoshnam, L. Khorsandi, A. Sarkaki and M. Rashno,2019230169177Mahmoudi, N., Z. Kiasalari, T. Rahmani, A. Sanaierad and S. Afshin-Majd et al.,2021802535Ma, W.X., J. Tang, Z.W. Lei, C.Y. Li and L.Q. Zhao et al.,202011978987Bhandarkar, N.S., L. Brown and S.K. Panchal,2019627888Chen, L., H. Teng and H. Cao,2019Sonchus oleraceus Linn synergistically attenuate insulin resistance and modulate glucose uptake in hepG2 cells.]]>127182187Heitman, E. and D.K. Ingram,2017203239Wasim, S., V. Kukkar, V.M. Awad, S. Sakhamuru and B.H. Malik,20202020Kaur, H., I. Patro, K. Tikoo and R. Sandhir,2015894050Miao, M. and L. Xiang,20202020pp: 71-88pp: 71-88Guo, Z. and J. Li,20178176181Yan, Y., X. Zhou, K. Guo, F. Zhou and H. Yang,20202020Cheng, D., H. Li, J. Zhou and S. Wang,2019via regulating the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in mice.]]>10681690Wang, K., F. Song, K. Xu, Z. Liu, S. Han, F. Li and Y. Sun,20192019Huang, L., S. Yan, L. Luo and L. Yang,20191910741082Liu, D., H. Wang, Y. Zhang and Z. Zhang,2020145160Singh, S.S., S.N. Rai, H. Birla, W. Zahra and G. Kumar et al.,20182018Chen, Y.J., Z.Z. Tang, L. Du, Y. Liu, Q. Lu, T.F. Ma and Y.W. Liu,20192019Wang, B.N., C.B. Wu, Z.M. Chen, P.P. Zheng and Y.Q. Liu et al.,202142347360Butt, M.S. and M.T. Sultan,201151363373Han, D., X. Gu, J. Gao, Z. Wang, G. Liu, H.W. Barkema and B. Han,2019Waf1/cip1 to resist dexamethasone-induced apoptosis in osteoblastic cells.]]>137112Rani, M.R.P., N. Anupama, M. Sreelekshmi and K.G. Raghu,2018100467477Kwon, S.H., H.K. Lee, J.A. Kim, S.I. Hong and H.C. Kim et al.,2010649210217Bao, L., J. Li, D. Zha, L. Zhang, P. Gao, T. Yao and X. Wu,201854245253Kim, J., K. Jo, I.S. Lee, C.S. Kim and J. Kim,2016Aster koraiensis prevents retinal pericyte apoptosis in diabetic rats and its active compound, chlorogenic acid inhibits AGE formation and AGE/RAGE interaction.]]>2016