International Journal of Pharmacology1811-77751812-5700Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ijp.2014.440.450in vitro Efficacy of Vitamin D3 on the Osteogenic Differentiation and Mineralization Capabilities of Fetal and Adult Osteoblasts of Rabbit Reflects Therapeutic Potential]]>PathakRekha Amarpal TamilmahanP. DhamaKuldeep SharmaNetrapal 82014108The ability of the osteoblasts to lay the extracellular matrix and mineralize determines the efficiency of bone formation. Vitamin D injections are used to enhance bone mineralization in clinical cases. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of Vitamin D on the osteoblastic activity in both fetal and adult osteoblasts. The long bone was collected from fetal and adult rabbits and cultured in Dulbeccos Modified Eagles Medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum and antibiotics. The passaged cells, after attaining more than 80% confluence were induced for mineralization through osteogenic media with or without 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Vit D3). Fetal and adult cells were harvested after 7, 14, 21, 28 days for observation of osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization. Relative transcripts abundance of mRNA of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) were measured to assess the osteoblastic activity using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) at different time intervals. The mineral accumulation was assessed by Von-Kossa staining. Fetal osteoblasts compared to adult osteoblasts showed a marked significant increase in mineralization on addition of Vit D. However, the adult osteoblasts reflected transcript abundance of ALP only after 14th day and OCN genes after 21 days post induction whereas fetal osteoblasts showed the same by 7th day post induction. This reflects a great therapeutic potential of fetal osteoblasts along with Vit D3 in bone regeneration. Further studies are required to correlate the influence of Vit D3 on ALP/OCN expression and also whether there is a comparative increase in the receptors of Vit D3 and osteocalcin protein in fetal cells as compared to adult osteoblasts.]]>Amarpal, P. Kinjavdekar, H.P. Aithal, A.M. Pawde, J. Singh and R. Udehiya,201037223229Aubin, J.E. and J.T. Triffitt,20022002pp: 59-82pp: 59-82Barroga, E.F., T. Kadosawa and M. Okumura,2000in vitro of canine osteosarcoma clonal cells.]]>159186193Beg, M., N. Akhtar, M.F. Alam, I. Rizvi, J. Ahmad and A Gupta,201415172176Bharadwaj, S., A.G.T. Naidu, G.V. Betageri, N.V. Prasadarao and A.S. Naidu,20092016031611Cao, X.Y., M.Z. Yin, L.N. Zhang, S.P. Li and Y. Cao,2006in vitro.]]>1L16L19Christodoulou, I., L.D. Buttery, P. Saravanapavan, G. Tai, L.L. Hench and J.M. Polak,200574529537Christodoulou, I., L.D. Buttery, G. Tai, L.L. Hench and J.M. Polak,200677431446Delmas, P.D., B. Demiaux, L. Malaval, M.C. Chapuy, C. Edouard and P.J. Meunier,198677985991Evans, C.E., C.S. Galasko and C. Ward,1990in vitro of cells obtained from human trabecular bone.]]>8234237Fromigue, O., P.J. Marie and A. Lomri,19979613623Fernandez, J.M., M.S. Molinuevo, A.D. McCarthy and A.M. Cortizo,20142+ and Mg2+.]]>27601607Hasegawa, Y., K. Shimada, N. Suzuki, T. Takayama and T. Kato et ak.,2008in vitro osteogenetic characteristics of primary osteoblastic cells from a rabbit calvarium.]]>50427434Harris, S.A., R.J. Enger, B.L. Riggs and T.C. Spelsberg,199510178186Hendy, G.N., K.A. Hruska, S. Mathew and D. Goltzman,200669218223Hoemanna, C.D., H. El-Gabalawy and M.D. McKee,2009In vitro osteogenesis assays: Influence of the primary cell source on alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization.]]>57318323Van de Peppel, J. and J.P.T.M. van Leeuwen,20142014Jiang, X.Q., J. Chen, G. Sebastien, C. Chen, X. Zhang and Z. Zhang,2005118281288Katzburg, S., M. Lieberherr, A. Ornoy, B.Y. Klein, D. Hendel and D. Somjen,199925667673Lee, M.H.,20142014Li, I.W., S. Cheifetz, C.A. McCulloch, K.T. Sampath and J. Sodek,1996169115125Li, S.H., D.Z. Guo, B. Li, H.B. Yin, J.K. Li, J.M. Xiang and G.Z. Deng,2009179430436Liu, F., L. Malaval and J.E. Aubin,200311617871796Malaval, L., F. Liu, P. Roche and J.E. Aubin,1999in vitro.]]>74616627 Miclau, T., R.A. Schneider, B.F. Eames and J.A. Helms,20052005pp: 45-55pp: 45-55Montjovent, M.O., N. Burri, S. Mark, E. Federici and C. Scaletta et al.,20043513231333Pfaffl, M.W.,200129e45e45Pathak, R., Amarpal, A.K. Tiwari, N.P. Kurade and Amarnath,20131338593864Shalhoub, V., F. Aslam, E. Breen, A. van Wijnen and R. Bortell et al.,199869154168Tsigkou, O., L.L. Hench, A.R. Boccaccini, J.M. Polak and M.M. Stevens,2007® composite films in the absence of osteogenic supplements.]]>80837851Walsh, S., C. Jefferiss, K. Stewart, G.R. Jordan, J. Screen and J.N. Beresford,200027185195Wang, J., S. Rao, J. Chu, X. Shen, D.N. Levasseur, T.W. Theunissen and S.H. Orkin,2006444364368Weiss, M.J., K. Ray, P.S. Henthorn, B. Lamb, T. Kadesch and H. Harris,19882631200212010Montero-Odasso, M. and G. Duque,200526203219Hauschka, P.V. and M.L. Reid,197825390639068