International Journal of Pharmacology1811-77751812-5700Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ijp.2008.67.77Sphenocentrum jollyanum]]>NafiuAmidu EricWoode WilliamOwiredu K.B.A. GeorgeAsare A. KofiBoateng A. ClementOpoku-Okrah 2200842This study was designed to evaluate the toxicity of
S. jollyanum using Fischer 344 male rats and the genotoxic effect
of the alcoholic extract of the roots. In experiment 1, haematological,
serum biochemical and histopathological parameters were determined after
30, 60 and 90 days of oral administration. Experiment 2 involved determinations
of total hepatic cytochrome P-450 content. Pentobarbitone induced sleeping
times was measured in experiment 3. These are indices of organ specific
toxicity or potential for drug interactions. The mutagenic potential was
assessed by reverse mutation test using Salmonella typhimurium TA97,
TA98, TA100 and TA102 tester strains
in experiment 4. There were no significant differences found in most of
the hematological, serum biochemical parameters and organ/body weight
ratio. No abnormality of any organ was found during histopathological
examination and no mutagenicity evidence was detected in any of the mutagenic
tests. It, however, caused a significant increase in cytochrome P-450
which correlates well with the decreased pentobarbitone induced sleeping
times. The results showed that the no-observed adverse- effect level (NOAEL)
of S. jollyanum extract (SJE) was >1000 mg kg-1 body
weight per day in rats, which can be regarded as virtually non-toxic.
In conclusion, SJE had no overt organ specific toxicity but demonstrates
a potential for drug interactions via cytochrome P-450-mediated metabolism
in the rat.]]>Abbiw, D.K.,1990Pages: 337Pages: 337Anjum, F., A. Raman, A.R. Shakoori and J.W. Gorrod,199211191195Baliga, M.S., G.C. Jagetia, J.N. Ulloor, M.P. Baliga and P. Venkatesh et al.,2004Alstonia scholaris) in mice and rats.]]>151317326Borzelleca, J.F.,199623S15S18Bruneton, J.,1995Gilbert, J.N.T., D.W. Mathieson and M.B. Patel,1967Sphenocentrum jollyanum.]]>6135136Gonzalez, F.J.,198840243288Gonzalez, F.J.,199045138Guengerich, F.P.,19926745748Husemann, A.,18711871Iwu, M.M.,19931st Edn.,pp: 464pp: 464Lake, B.G.,19871987pp: 183-215pp: 183-215Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr and R.J. Randall,1951193265275Maron, D.M. and B.N. Ames,1983Salmonella mutagenicity test.]]>113173215Massey, A.C.,199276549566McManus, J.F.A. and R.W. Mowry,19651965pp: 73-90pp: 73-90Moody, J.O., V.A. Robert, J.D. Connolly and P.J. Houghton,2006Sphenocentrum jollyanum pierre (Menispermaceae).]]>1048791Mortelmans, K. and E. Zeiger,2000Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay.]]>4552960Nia, R., D.H. Paper, E.E. Essien, K.C. Iyadi, A.I.L. Bassey and A.B. Antai et al.,2004Sphenocentrum jollyanum pierre.]]>7129132Odebiyi, O.O. and E.A. Sofowora,197841234246Omura, T. and R. Sato,196423923702378Owiredu, W.K.B.A., A. Nafiu, F. Amissah and E. Woode,2007Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre on sexual behaviour and hormonal levels in rodents.]]>27921Philardeau, Y. and M.M. Debray,1965Sphenocentrum jollyanum. Rapport Roneeo ORSTOM.]]>1965pp: 115pp: 115Raji, Y., O.O. Fadare, R.A. Adisa and S.A. Salami,2006Sphenocentrum jollyanum root extract on male reproductive activity in albino rats.]]>5283292Smolenski, S.J., H. Silinis and N.R. Farnsworth,197538225255Trease, G.E. and W.C. Evans,198913th Edn.,Pages: 585Pages: 585Woode, E., M. Duwiejua, C. Ansah, G.A. Koffuor, D.D. Obiri and N. Amidu,2006Sphenocentrum jollyanum in experimental mouse models of anxiety.]]>2006pp: 32