International Journal of Pharmacology1811-77751812-5700Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ijp.2008.352.360HashemiS.R. ZulkifliI. Hair BejoM. FaridaA. SomchitM.N. 5200845In order to collect ethnobotanical information about
growth and health promoter plants as feed additive in broiler chickens,
five medicinal plants Euphorbia hirta, Solanum torvum,
Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa and Zingiber zerumbet
used by traditional medical practitioners for the treatment of several
ailments of microbial and non-microbial origins were investigated for
phytochemical screening and acute toxicity study. A total of 30 female
broiler chicks were obtained. At 21 days of age, the chicks were allocated
at random into six groups. Five chickens were assigned at random to each
treatment in five replicates and kept in 30 cages (one chickens per cage)
till five weeks of age. Five groups were administered a single oral dose
of 2,000 mg kg-1 b.wt. while 5 mL distilled water was given
to the control group of birds as placebo. Phytochemical screening study
showed that plant contained volatile oils, tannins, alkaloids, saponins,
flavonoids. Alkaloids and steroids were only found in the aqueous extract
of Euphorbia hirta. Tissues were harvested and processed for photomicrographic
examinations. Macro and microscopic observations indicated no alteration
in liver and kidneys of the treated birds with 2000 mg kg-1
of selected herbal plants extract. In the hematological study, a highly
significant decrease was observed in AST, ALT, ALP level of broiler group
receiving the aqueous extract of E. hirta 14 after of administration.
Acute toxicity study indicated that water suspensions of selected herbal
aqueous extract are not toxic when administered by the oral route to experimental
birds at 2000 mg kg-1 b.wt. In conclusion, the results obtained
in the present study are in agreement to a certain degree with the traditional
uses of the plants estimated as prophylaxis against various diseases and
promote of health.]]>Adedapo, A.A., M.O. Abatan, S.O. Idowu and O.O. Olorunsogo,2005Euphorbia hirta on the rat serum biochemistry.]]>8185189Alcicek, A., M. Bozkurt and M. Cabuk,200434217222Alldredge, J.,19931st Edn.,Araujo, C.A.C. and L.L. Leon,2001Curcuma longa L.]]>96723728Barros, S., C.D. Ropke, T.C. Sawada, H.V.V. Silva and S.M.M. Pereira et al.,2005 Pothomorphe umbellata L. Miq (Pariparoba).]]>415361Bhandari, U., J.N. Sharma and R. Zafar,1998Zingiber officinale) extract in cholesterol fed rabbits.]]>61167171Chattopadhyay, I., K. Biswas, U. Bandyopadhyay and R.K. Banerjee,2004874453Choudhari, C.V. and P.B. Deshmukh,2007Semecarpus anacardium on haemoblobin percent and RBC count of male albino rat.]]>14345Cowan, M.M.,199912564582Dash, D.K., V.C. Yeligar, S.S. Nayak, T. Ghosh and D. Rajalingam et al.,2007Ichnocarpus frutescens (Linn.) R.Br. on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.]]>6755765Dahiru, D., J.A. Onubiyi and H.A. Umaru,2006Moringa oleifera aqueous leaf extract.]]>37075Denbow, D.M., G.E. Duke and S.B. Chaplin,19899449454Diepvens, K., K.R. Westerterp and M.S. Westerterp-Plantenga,20072927785Dubey, N.K., R. Kumar and P. Tripathi,2004863741Eloff, J.N.,199967355360Evans, W.C.,20025th Edn.,pp: 119-159pp: 119-159Faizah, S., M.N. Somchit and M.H. Shukriyah,2002Zingiber zerumbet (Lempoyang): A potential anti-inflammatory agent.]]>2002pp: 516520Freiburghaus, F., R. Kaminsky, M.H.H. Nkunya and R. Brun,1996in vitro trypanocidal activity.]]>55111Gruenigen, V.E., A.L. Showalter, K.M. Gil, H.E. rasure and M.P. Hopkins et al.,20019232233Haughton, P.J. and A. Raman,19981st Edn.,Pages: 199Pages: 199Hernandez, F., J. Madrid, V. Garcia, J. Orengo and M.D. Megias,200483169174Hoffbrand, A.V. and J. E. Pettit, 19974th Edn.,Hopp, K.H., L.V. Cunningham, M.C. Bromel, L.J. Schermeister and S.K.W. Khalil,1976In vitro antitrypanosomal activity of certain alkaloids against Trypanosoma lewisi.]]>39375377Israf, D.A., N.H. Lajis, M.N. Somchit and M.R. Sulaiman,2004Solanum torvum extract.]]>75397406Kattak, S., Saeed-ur-Rehman, H.U. Shah, W. Ahmad and M. Ahmad, 2005Curcuma longa and Alpina galangal.]]>76254257Nicholas, G.M., G.L. Newton, R.C. Fahey and C.A. Bewley,2001315431545NRC.,19949th Edn.,Pages: 176Pages: 176Ogueke, C.C., J.N. Ogbulie, I.C. Okoli and B.N. Anyanwu,2007Euphorbia hirta.]]>31116Ojo, O.O., M.S. Nadro and I.O. Tella, 20065755760Omulokoli, E., B. Khan and S.C. Chhabra,199756133137Parekh, J., D. Jadeja and S. Chanda, 200529203210Kumar, G.S., K.N. Jayaveera, C.K.A. Kumar, U.P. Sanjay and B.M.V. Swamy et al.,20076717723Poylin, V., M.U. Fareed, P. O’Neal, N. Alamdari and N. Reilly et al.,20082008113Sofowora, A.,19932nd Edn.,Pages: 289Pages: 289Somchit, M.N., M.H.N. Shukriyah, A.A. Bustammam and A. Zuraini, 2005Zingiber zerumbet. ]]>277277280Wray, C. and R.H. Davies,2000159107108Zhang, K.Y., F. Yan, C.A. Keen and P.W. Waldroup,20054612619Hore, S.K., V. Ahuja, G. Mehta, P. Kumar, S.K. Pandey and A.H. Ahmad,2006Euphorbia hirta leaf extract on gastrointestinal motility.]]>773538Arthan, D., J. Svasti, P. Kittakoop, D. Pittayakhachonwut, M. Tanticharoen and Y. Thebtaranonth,2002Solanum torvum.]]>59459463Sakinah, S.A.S., S.T. Handayani and L.P.A. Hawariah,2007744