International Journal of Dairy Science1811-97431811-9751Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ijds.2019.53.60in vitro Evaluation on Ruminal Fermentation, Degradability and Gas Production]]>Abd El TawabAhmed M. MuradH.A. KhattabMostafa S.A. AzzazH.H. 22019142Background and Objectives: Enhancing poor quality roughages by biological treatments has interested for many researches in last years. So, in the current study was carried out to production of tannase enzyme by Aspergillus terreus and its impact on ruminal fermentation, degradability and gas production were evaluated through in vitro trials. Materials and Methods:Aspergillus terreus was grown as stand cultures in 100 mL conical flasks containing tannic acid powder medium. The maximum production of tannase by Aspergillus terreus was achieved at inoculum ratio of 4% (v/v), 72 h of incubation period, initial pH 5.0, urea as a nitrogen sources at a concentration of 0.33 g N L1 and pomegranate peel as a carbon source at a concentration of 10% (w/v). For animal feeding experiments in vitro dry matter, NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose disappearance and rumen fermentation were determined for the experimental diets. The concentrate:roughages ratio was 50:50 on DM basis, experimental diets plus different levels of tannase enzyme being 0, 5250, 10500, 15750, 21000 and 26250 IU kg1 DM were studied. Results: Tannase enzyme increased DM, NDF, ADF, cellulose and hemicellulose degradability of the treated diets compared with the control diet (0.0 IU kg1 DM), which gave the lowest values of diet degradability parameters. The maximum produced tannase efficiency percentage for dry matter degradability was obtained at 15750 IU kg1 DM. Production of tannase enzyme by Aspergillus terreus strain under solid state fermentation was superior over tannase production from other fungal strains under the submerged cultures. Conclusion: In conclusion tannase enzyme had positive improving of feed digestion in the current in vitro study.]]>Khattab, M.S.A., A.M.A. ElTawab and M.T. Fouad,2017124751Ayed, L. and M. Hamdi,2002Lactobacillus plantarum.]]>2417631765Nishitani, Y. and R. Osawa,200354281284Beverini, M. and M. Metche,1990Aspergillus oryzae.]]>10807816Ramirez, L., J. Arrizon, G. Sandoval, A. Cardador, R. Bello-Mendoza, P. Lappe and J.C. Mateos-Diaz,2008151711723Abd El Tawab, A.M. and M.S.A. Khattab,201813201209Abdeltawab, A.M. and M.S.A. Khattab,201811157164Khattab, M.S.A. and A.M. Abd El Tawab,2018In vitro evaluation of palm fronds as feedstuff on ruminal digestibility and gas production.]]>2018Aguilar, C.N. and G. Gutierrez-Sanchez,20017373382Aguilar, C.N., R. Rodriguez, G. Gutierrez-Sanchez, C. Augur and E. Favela-Torres et al.,2007764759Curiel, J.A., H. Rodriguez, I. Acebron, J.M. Mancheno, B. de Las Rivas and R. Munoz,2009Lactobacillus plantarum tannase.]]>5762246230Lu, M.J. and C. Chen,2007in vitro inhibitory activity against N-nitrosation of dimethylamine.]]>4212851290Seth, M. and S. Chand,2000Aspergillus awamori-optimisation of process parameters.]]>363944Srivastava, A. and R. Kar,2010Aspergillus niger for the removal of tannin from myrobalan juice.]]>504651Abd El Tawab, A.M., O.H. Matloup, A.M. Kholif, S.A.H. Abo El-Nor, H.A. Murad, H.M. El-Sayed and M.M. Khorshed,2015102435Abd El Tawab, A.M., M.S.A. Khattab, H.M. El-Zaiat, O.H. Matloup and A.A. Hassan et al.,201610307312Murad, H.A., A.M. Abd El Tawab, A.M. Kholif, S.A. Abo El-Nor, O.H. Matloup, M.M. Khorshed and H.M. El-Sayed,2014Aspergillus niger from palm kernel.]]>136873Sharma, S., T.K. Bhat and R.K. Dawra,20002798589Murad, H.A.,1998Lactobacillus bulgaricus.]]>53273276AOAC.,199516th Edn.,van Soest, P.J., J.B. Robertson and B.A. Lewis,19917435833597Khattab, M.S.A., H.M. Ebeid, A.M. Abd El Tawab, S.A.H. Abo El-Nor and A.A. Aboamer,2016710931097Reddy, M.N. and N.L.N. Reddy,2015Aspergillus terreus under submerged fermentation.]]>4102113Lal, D., D. Shrivastava, H.N. Verma and J.J. Gardner,2012Aspergillus niger isolated from bark of Acacia nilotica.]]>2566572Paranthaman, R., R. Vidyalakshmi, S. Murugesh and K. Singaravadivel,2009Aspergillus flavus.]]>33439Batra, A. and R.K. Saxena,2005Aspergillus and Penicillium.]]>4015531557Lokeswari, N. and K.J. Raju,2007Aspergillus niger.]]>4192198Lekha, P.K. and B.K. Lonsane,199744215260Kulkarni, A.A., P.M. Patil and P.T. Kininge,2012Aspergillus oryzae NCIM 1032 using mixture of Jamun (Syzigium cumini) and Babul (Acacia nilotica) stem barks under solid state fermentation.]]>443214330Sabu, A., G.S. Kiran and A. Pandey,2005Aspergillus niger ATCC 16620.]]>43133138Ellaiah, P., K. Adinarayana, Y. Bhavani, P. Padmaja and B. Srinivasulu,2002Aspergillus species.]]>38615620Pandey, A., P. Nigam, C.R. Soccol, V.T. Soccol, D. Singh and R. Mohan,200031135152Norton, B.W. and J.H. Ahn,1997Calliandra calothyrsus supplements for sheep given a basal diet of barley straw.]]>129485494