International Journal of Cancer Research1811-97271811-9735Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ijcr.2015.52.66OknyeR. Offei- PattersonJ.L. WalkerL.T. BoatengJ. VergheseM. 22015112Phytochemicals are known to have antioxidative, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. In this study, HepG2 hepatoma cells were incubated after 12 and 24 h with 80% methanol extracts of processed ginger: Oven dried, sun dried, freeze dried and fresh ginger (control). The objectives of this study were to investigate the chemopreventive potential of ginger extracts in hepatoma cell lines (induction of cytotoxicity and apoptosis) and to determine the effects of ginger extracts on selected detoxification and anti-oxidative enzymes: Glutathione-S-transferase, Glutathione reductase, Glutathione peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase activity and Glutathione in cell lines (hepatoma). Processed ginger extracts induced higher cytotoxicity (%) in HepG2 (SD 60 μg mL-1 [92.89]). Induction of cytotoxicity (%) was higher after 24 h of incubation compared to 12 h. Histone related DNA fragmentation (enrichment factor), an indicator of apoptosis was higher after 12 h compared 24 h of incubation except with cell incubated with FD (240 μg mL-1). Detoxification and antioxidative enzymes studied generally showed a higher induction after 24 h compared to 12 h of incubation in SOD, GR, CAT, GPx and GSH (antioxidant substrate). These findings indicate that ginger may exerts its chemopreventive effects by its cytotoxic activity and the induction of detoxification and antioxidative enzymes.]]>Aebi, H.,1984in vitro.]]>1984pp: 121-126pp: 121-126Aggarwal, B.B. and S. Shishodia,20067113971421Ali, B.H., G. Blunden, M.O. Tanira and A. Nemmar,2008Zingiber officinale Roscoe): A review of recent research.]]>46409420Alia, M., S. Ramos, R. Mateos, L. Bravo and L. Goya,200519119128Altekruse, S.F., K.A. McGlynn and M.E. Reichman,20092714851491Ames, B.N.,19897121128Bartley, J.P. and A.L. Jacobs,2000Zingiber officinale).]]>80209215Berza, B., K. Abegaz, T. Alemu and F. Assefa,2012Zingiber officinale) at Hadaro-Tunto and Boloso-Bombae, Southern Ethiopia.]]>11927Boehm, T., J. Folkman, T. Browder and M.S. O'Reilly,1997390404407Chen, J.G., J. Zhu, D.M. Parkin, Y.H. Zhang, J.H. Lu, Y.R. Zhu and T.Y. Chen,200611914471454Coyle, J.T. and P. Puttfarcken,1993262689695Das, U.,20028RA79RA92Decker, T. and M.L. Lohmann-Matthes,19881156169Diplock, A.T.,19941994pp: 113-129pp: 113-129Ghasemzadeh, A., H.Z.E. Jaafar and A. Rahmat,2010Zingiber officinale Roscoe).]]>1543244333Granado-Serrano, A.B., M.A. Martin, L. Bravo, L. Goya and S. Ramos,200613627152721Halliwell, B. and J.M.C. Gutteridge,199518125126Hanahan, D. and R.A. Weinberg,20001005770Abdul Hanif, H., N.A. Murad, W.Z.W. Ngah and Y.A.M. Yusof,2005113641Harman, D.,1992673126141Hatono, S., A. Jimenez and M.J. Wargovich,19961710411044Huang, P., L. Feng, E.A. Oldham, M.J. Keating and W. Plunkett,2000407390395Kundu, J.K., H.K. Na and Y.J. Surh,200961182192Lee, E. and Y.J. Surh,1998134163168Liska, D., M. Lyon and D.S. Jones,20062122140Liu, R.H.,200378517S520SLoft, S. and H.E. Poulsen,199674297312Machlin, L.J. and A. Bendich,19871441445Mates, J.M.,200015383104Mates, J.M., C. Perez-Gomez and I.N. de Castro,199932595603Meister, A.,19882631720517208Nicoll, R. and M.Y. Henein,2009Zingiber officinale Roscoe): A hot remedy for cardiovascular disease?]]>131408409Oberley, L. and T. Oberley,19861986pp: 325-371pp: 325-371Oberley, L.W. and G.R. Buettner,19793911411149Prakash, U.N. and K. Srinivasan,201035134141Russo, G.L.,200774533544Sakinah, S.A., S.T. Handayani and L.P. Hawariah,20072007Salmon, C.N.A., Y.A. Bailey-Shaw, S. Hibbert, C. Green, A.M. Smith and L.A.D. Williams,2012Zingiber officinale Roscoe) by HPTLC and HPLC.]]>13115171522Schrag, D.,2004351317319Shivananjappa, M.M., D. Mhasavade and M.K. Joshi,201331129135Surh, Y.J.,20033768780Surh, Y.J., K.S. Chun, H.H. Cha, S.S. Han, Y.S. Keum, K.K. Park and S.S. Lee,2001480-481243268Surh, Young-Joon, J.K. Kundu and Hye-Kyung Na,20087415261539Valko, M., M. Izakovic, M. Mazur, C.J. Rhodes and J. Telser,20042663756Velmurugan, B., V. Bhuvaneswari, S. Balasenthil and S. Nagini,20012111171124Williams, D., M. Verghese, L.T. Walker, J. Boateng, L.T. Shackelford and C.B. Chawan,200745153159Williamson, G., M.S. DuPont, S. Wanigatunga, R.K. Heaney, S.R.R. Musk, G.R. Fenwick and M.J.C. Rhodes,199760157160Winyard, P.G., C.J. Moody and C. Jacob,200530453461Yu, R., S. Mandlekar, K.J. Harvey, D.S. Ucker and A.N. Kong,199858402408Zelko, I.N., T.J. Mariani and R.J. Folz,200233337349