International Journal of Cancer Research1811-97271811-9735Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ijcr.2007.111.118Azadirachta indica) Leaves Extract on Alpha-fetoprotein Serum Concentration, Glutathione S-transferase and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity in Hepatocarcinogenesis Induced Rats]]>ManalM.E.T. HanachiP. PatimahI. SiddigI.A. FauziahO. 2200732This study evaluates the chemopreventive effect of an aqueous extract of fresh leaves of Azadarichta indica against liver cancer. Twenty male rats (Spraque dawley), 150-250 g, were acclimatized for 1 week before use. The rats were divided randomly into 4 groups; cancer control group (C), cancer treated with 5% Azadarichta indica extract group (CAI), normal control group (N) and normal treated with 5% Azadarichta indica extract group (NAI) and each group contains 5 rats. Rats in group C and CAI were induced cancer by intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg kg-1 diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) as hepatocarcinogenesis initiator and then followed by 2-acetylaminofluorene as promoter of hepatocarcinogenesis (0.02% in food) for 2 weeks. The rats were then left for 2 weeks. The rats in group N and NAI were injected once intraperitoneally with corn oil and act as control. The plant was fed orally to CAI and NAI groups. Serum concentration of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) as liver tumor marker was measured. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured in the serum and liver cytosol. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant difference (p≤0.05) between C and CAI groups in serum alpha-fetoprotein and, in serum and liver cytosol levels of glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase. While there was no significant difference (p≥0.05) between NAI and N group in GST and GPx level. As a conclusion from this study that the consumption of 5% of NEEM leaves aqueous extract resulted in complete inhibition of chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Spraque dawley rats.]]>Ahluwalia, M. and E. Farber,1984251517Balasenthil, S., S. Arivazhagan, C.R. Ramachandran, V. Ramachadran and S. Nagini,1999Azadirachta indica) on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthrance (DMBA) induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.]]>67189195Bhanwara, S., J. Singh and P. Khosla,2000Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaf aqueous extract on paracetamol induced liver damage in rats.]]>446468Bradford, M.M.,197672248254Brahmachari, G.,20045408421Chasseaud, L.F.,197929175274Conney, A.H., Z.Y. Wang, M.T. Huang, C.T. Ho and C.S. Yang,19921992pp: 362pp: 362Das, B.K., S.C. Mukherjee, B.B. Sahu and G. Murjani,1999Azadirachta indica) extracts as an antibacterial agent against fish pathogenic bacteria.]]>3710971100Erdelyi, M., M. Mezes and G. Virag,1999238288Et-shazly, M.M. and E.D. Et-sharnoub,2000Azadirachta indica) insecticide to certain aquatic organisms.]]>20221231Habig, W.H., M.J. Pabst and W.B. Jakoby,197424971307139Habig, W.H. and W.B. Jakoby,198177398405Hall, G.D., P.M. Patel and A.S. Protheroe,1998Hesham, M.S., H.M. Mostafa, P.J. O'Connor, J.A. Rafferty and J.D. Michael,2002Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium adult worms.]]>519205209Hubert, E.B.,20032003Cragg, G.M. and D.J. Newman,20051007279Kew, M.C.,2000Hepatocellular carcinoma. A century of progress.]]>4257268Lam, L.K.T., J. Zhang, S. Hasegawa and H.A.J. Schut,1994in vivo Model.]]>1994Lawrence, R.A. and R.F. Burk,197671952958Borges, L.P., V.C. Borges, A.V. Moro, C.W. Nogueira, J.B.T. Rocha and G. Zeni,200521018Majno, P., G. Emiliano, M. Philippe, H. Antoine and M. Gilles,200542S134S143Yuen, M.F. and C.L. Lai, 2005199199Marrs, K.A.,199647127158Masi, S.D., M.E. Tosti and A. Mele,200537260268Parida, M.M., C. Upadhyay, G. Pandya and A.M. Jana,2002Azadirachta indica Juss) leaves on Dengue virus type-2 replication.]]>79273278Pongtip, S., S. Roongtawan and G. Wandee,200599109112Premalatha, B. and P. Sachdanandam,1999Semecarpus anacardium nut milk extract on rat serum alpha-fetoprotein level in aflatoxin B1-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma.]]>70279283Sacande, M., J. Buitink and F.A. Hoekstra,2000Azadirachcta indica) seed that is charecterized by complex storage behaviour.]]>51635643SaiRam, M., G. Ilavazhagan, S.K. Sharma, S.A. Dhanraj and B. Suresh et al.,2000Azadirachta indica).]]>71377382Sala, M., J. Fuster, J.M. Llovet, M. Navasa, M. Sole and M. Varela,20041012941300Subapriya, R. and S. Nagini,20055149156Tartarinov, Y.S.,1964109091Yu, F., S. Lu, F. Yu, S. Feng, P.M. McGuire, R. Li and R. Wang,2006Euphorbia kansui (Euphorbiaceae) on the swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress in mice.]]>8410711079