International Journal of Cancer Research1811-97271811-9735Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ijcr.2006.113.118MoradiAbdolvahab Mokhtari-AzadTalat 2200622The aim of this study were to assess the presence of HPV esophageal infection among Iranian Turkmen who live in an area located in the cancer belt in Asia. The specimens derived from 120 patients previously diagnosed for Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) non-cancerous tissue derived from esophagus. All specimens were examined for the presence of HPV DNA. PCR was utilized to amplify a 150 bp segment of HPV L1 gene using the consensus primers. The amplified region was subsequently sequenced to identify the HPV genotypes. The HPV DNA was detected in 49.4% of patients with SCC, and 58% of non-cancerous tissue of esophagus. The positive samples included HPV-16 (46.6%), HPV-6 (24.6%), HPV-66 (8.2%), HPV-52 (4.1%), HPV-18 (2.7%); 14% of cases were positive for more than one type of HPV. The results confirm the presence of HPV in both esophageal cancerous and non-cancerous tissues.These results imply two different interpretations: 1) Due to non-significant difference between the rate of HPV positive in cancerous and non-cancerous tissues, HPV has no important role in esophageal cancers, which is less probable. 2). Because of a highly incidence of esophageal cancer in Turkmen-Sahra region, the HPV is a possible etiologic agent in esophageal carcinogenesis, most probably acting synergistically with physical, chemical, and/or nutritional factors that have previously been found to be related to this malignancy in Turkmen-Sahra.]]>Benamouzig, R., F. Pigot, G. Quiroga, P. Validire, S. Chaussade, F. Catalan and D. Couturier,199250549552Benamouzing, R., E. Jullian, F. Chang, M. Robaskiewicz and J.F. Flejou et al.,199510918761881Chang, F., S. Syrjanen, Q. Shen, Ji. Hongxiu and K. Syrjanen,1990452125Chang, F., S. Syrjanen, Q. Shen, L. Wang and K. Syrjanen,199210313361348Chang, F., S. Syrjanen, Q. Shen, L. Wang and K. Syrjanen,1993in situ hybridization.]]>7225252530Chen, B., H. Yin and N. Dhurandhar,199425920923Cook-Mozaffari, P.J., F. Azordegan, N.E. Day, A. Ressicaud, C. Sabai and B. Aramesh,197939293309Cooper, K., L. Taylor and S. Govind,1995175273277Crespi, M., N. Munoz, A. Grassi, B. Aramesh, G. Amiri, A. Mojtabai and V. Casale,19794217221De Roda Husman, A.M., J.M. Walboomers, A.J. van den Brule, C.J. Meijer and P.J. Snijders,19957610571062Editorial,19781978Fidalgo, P., M. Cravo and P. Chaves,19957615221528Ghadirian, P.,19876019091914Hormozdiari, H., N.E. Day, B. Aramesh and E. Mahboubi,19753534933498Joint Iran/IARC Study group,19775911271138Loke, S.L., L. Ma, M. Wong, G.I.L. Srivastava and C.C. Bird,1990439091012Kmet, J. and E. Mahboubi,197217846853Kulski, J., T. Demeter, G.F. Sterret and K.B. Shilkin,19862683684Maniatis, T., E.F. Fritsch and J. Sambrook,1989pp: 23-29pp: 23-29Mori, M., R. Shimono, T. Inoue, H. Kuwano, K. Sugimachi and K. Imachi,19898411261127Muhboubi, E., J. Kemet, P.J. Cook, N.E. Day, P. Ghadirian and S. Salmasizadeh,197328197214Munoz, N., A. Grassi, S. Qiong, M. Crespi, W.G. Qing and L.Z. Cai,198217876879Oneill, C.H., G.M. Hodges and P.N. Riddle,198026617628Polijak, M., A. Cerar and K. Seme,199829266271Saiki, R.K., S. Scharf, F. Faloona, K.B. Mullis, G.T. Horn, H.A. Erlich and N. Arnheim,198523013501354Saiki, R., D.H. Gelfand, S. Stoffel, S.J. Scharf and R. Higuchi et al.,1988239487491Toh, Y., H. Kuwano, S. Tanaka, K. Baba, H. Matsuda, K. Sugimachi and R. Mori,19927022342238Togawa, K., K. Jaskiewicz, H. Takahashi, S.J. Meltzer and K. Sugimachi,1994107128136Williamson, A.l., K. Jaskiesicz and A. Gunning,199111236265Zur Hausen, H. and E.M. de Villiers,199448427447Zur Hausen, H.,1999111581587Kemt, J., D.S. Mclaren and F. Siassi,19801980pp: 343-365pp: 343-365Whelan, S.L., D.M. Parkin and E. Masuyer,1990pp: 14-104pp: 14-104