International Journal of Biological Chemistry1819-155x2152-2561Science International10.3923/ijbc.2020.8.13AhmedM.U. Hauwa’uM.S. ModibboA.A. AhmedF.Z. MarcusG. EmmanuelU. 12020141Background and Objective: Diarrhea is a killer disease especially amongst children. Oxidative stress is one of the causes of diarrhea. This study investigated the effect of an antioxidant (vitamin C) when administered alone and in combination with loperamide, an antidiarrheal drug, in castor oil-induced diarrhea. Materials and Methods: Adult albino rats were administered 25-150 mg kg1 b.wt. vitamin C alone and in combination with 3 mg kg1 b.wt. loperamide. The antidiarrheal activity was assessed using standard procedures. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Na+-K+ ATPase activity in small intestine homogenates were also evaluated. Antioxidant enzymes activity and MDA concentration in rat small intestinal homogenates after 5 days co-administration of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg1 b.wt. of vitamin C with 3 mg kg1 b.wt. loperamide was evaluated and compared with loperamide alone and normal rats. Results: There was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the number of wet stools at 100 and 150 mg kg1 b.wt. Vitamin C alone and in combination with loperamide. The weight and volume of intestinal fluids as well as the small intestinal MDA concentration of rats administered 50 mg kg1 b.wt. vitamin C and loperamide significantly decreased when compared to other treatments. Administration of 50-200 mg kg1 b.wt. vitamin C and loperamide for 5 days significantly decreased catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and the concentration of MDA when compared with loperamide alone. Conclusion: These findings indicate that vitamin C when combined with loperamide has better antidiarrheal activity and reverses oxidative stress caused by prolonged usage of loperamide.]]>Guerrant, R.L., T. Van Gilder, T.S. Steiner, M.N. Theilman and L. Slutsker et al.,200132331351Rtibi, K., H. Sebai and L. Marzouki,20182018pp: 65-68pp: 65-68Rtibi, K., M. Amri, H. Sebai and L. Marzouki,2017036668Piróg, J.K., K. Skowron, T. Bogiel, A. Białucha, J. Przekwas and E.G. Komkowska,2019Proteus mirabilis biofilm inhibitory rate.]]>2019Buccigrossi, V., G. Laudiero, C. Russo, E. Miele and M. Sofia et al.,2014Saccharomyces boulardii in human enterocytes.]]>2014Tandon, R., H.D. Khanna, M. Dorababu and R.K. Goel,200448115118Grisham, M.B., T.S. Gaginella, C. Von Ritter, H. Be. Tamai and D.N. Granger,199014531542Tamai, H., T.S. Gaginella, J.F. Kachur, M.W. Musch and E.B. Chang,199289301307Karakas, E.Y., T. Aydoga, H. Sezan and T. Ulas, 2016118111116Olofinsan, K.A., R.A. Ajala‐Lawal and T.O. Ajiboye,20192019Pehlivan, F.E.,20172017pp: 23-35pp: 23-35Macan, M., G. Kraljević and R. Malić,20192019Arrigoni, O. and M.C. De Tullio,2002156919Awouters, F., C.J.E. Niemegeers, F.M. Lenaerts and P.A.J. Janssen,1978304145Robert, A., J.E. Nezamis, C. Lancaster, A.J. Hanchar and M.S. Klepper,197611809828Mascolo, N., A.A. Izzo, G. Autore, F. Berboto and F. Cappasso,1994268291295Draper, H.H. and M. Hadley,1990186421431Suhail, M., and S.I. Rizvi,1987146179186Aebi, H.,19741974pp: 673-684pp: 673-684Misra, H.P. and I. Fridovich,197224731703175Flohe, L. and W.A. Gunzler,1984105114121Hirokawa, M., O. Furukawa, P.H. Guth, E. Engel and J.D. Kaunitz,20042mimics the duodenal secretory response to luminal acid in mice.]]>286G891G898Fujii, S., K. Suzuki, A. Kawamoto, F. Ishibashi and T. Nakata et al.,20162 is a direct and robust mediator of anion/fluid secretion by human intestinal epithelial cells.]]>2016 Karaki, S.I. and A. Kuwahara,20042.]]>169699Oliveira, M.S., A.F. Furian, L.M. Rambo, L.R. Ribeiro and L.F.F. Royes et al.,20092 modulates Na+,K+-ATPase activity in rat hippocampus: implications for neurological diseases.]]>109416426Paredes, J.D., A. Sosa, M. Fusco, M.R. Teves, G.H. Wendel and L.E. Pelzer,2016Aristolochia argentina Gris. (Aristolochiaceae) in rodents.]]>6146152Stickel, F., M. Meydani, D. Wu, R. Bronson and A. Martin et al.,19976612181223Umukoro, S. and R.B. Ashorobi,2005Aframomum melegueta seed extract on castor oil–induced diarrhea.]]>43330333Sebai, H., M.A. Jabri, A. Souli, K. Rtibi and S. Selmi et al.,2014Matricaria recutita L.) decoction extract in rats.]]>152327332Rao, C.V., M. Vijaykumar, K. Sairam and V. Kumar,2008Cinnamomum tamala in experimental rats.]]>62396402Jabri, M.A., K. Rtibi, A.B. Said, C. Aouadhi, K. Hosni, M. Sakly and H. Sebai,2016Myrtus communis L.) seeds extract.]]>68264274Tripp, J.H., D.P. Muller and J.T. Harries,19801413821386Rachmilewitz, D., F. Karmeli and P. Sharon,198420681684Ejderhamn, J., Y. Finkel and B. Strandvik,19892411211125Rtibi, K., D. Grami, S. Selmi, M. Amri, H. Sebai and L. Marzouki,20174221225Platon, N., I.L.I.E. Siminiceanu, I.D. Nistor, N.D. Miron, G. Muntianu and A.M. Mares,201162676679Neyens, E. and J. Baeyens,2003983350Carr, A. and B. Frei,19991310071024Day, B.J.,200977285296Livingstone, D.R.,200142656666