International Journal of Botany1811-97001811-9719Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ijb.2007.251.259ArafaA. A.KhafagyM. A.El-BannaM. F.3200733The effects of exogenously applied glycinebetaine or ascorbic acid (pre-soaking or pre-soaking plus spraying) on the salt-stress induced ultrastructural damages in sorghum seedlings were investigated. The seedlings grown in hydroponic culture containing nutrient solution for 3 weeks treated with NaCl at (0 and 6000 ppm). Salinity induced ultrastructural damages in leaf such as swelling of thylakoids, disintegration of grana stacking and intergrana lamellae, an increase in the number of plastoglobuli and starch grains (number and size), an increase in the number of mitochondria and destruction of mitochondria (few cristae, shortly the cristae long and some mitochondria appeared pale), shrinkage the plasma membrane, formation of the Myelin-Figures from plasma membrane. These damages were alleviated by the pretreatment (pre-soaking or pre-soaking plus spraying) with glycinebetaine at 4000 ppm or ascorbic acid at 100 ppm. It could be concluded that pre-soaking plus spraying with glycinebetaine at 4000 ppm or ascorbic acid at 100 ppm proved to be more effective since it reduced the harmful effect of salinity.]]>Bernstein, N., W.K. Silk and A. Lauchli,1995196699705Bowers, B. and M. Maser,19881988pp: 13-42pp: 13-42Cachorro, P., A. Ortiz and A. Cerda,19933211311136Chen, W.P., P.H. Li and T.H. Chen,2000Zea mays L.]]>23609618Cooper, A.,1979pp: 59pp: 59De-Tullio, M.C., C. Paciolla, F. Dalla Vecchia, N. Rascio and S. D'Emerico et al.,1999209424434Fang, G.Q., M.Q. Quan, S. Can, L.S. Zhong, Z.Q. Meng and W. Wei,20042416801686Gorham, J.,19951995pp: 172-203pp: 172-203Harinasut, P., K. Tsutsui, T. Takabe, M. Nomura, T. Takabe and S. Kishitani,199660366368Hernandez, J.A. and M.S. Almansa,2002115251257Koryo, H.W., R. Stelzer and B. Huchzermeyeyer,1993Sorghum and Spartina roots grown under mild salt stress.]]>106110119Koryo, H.W.,1997Sorghum bicolor x S. Sudanensis cv. sweet sioux) induced by NaCl.]]>48693706Langebartels, C., H. Wohlgemuth, S. Kschieschan, S. Grun and H. Sandermann,200240567575Makela P., P. Peltonen-Sainio, K. Jokinen, E. Pehu and H. Setala et al.,1996121221230Mansour, M.M.F.,199836767772Meneguzzo, S., C.L.M. Sgherri, F. Navari-Izzo and R. Izzo,1998104735740Murata, N., P.S. Mohanty, H. Hayashi and G.C. Papageoriou,1992296187189Nijs, D. and P.M. Kelley,1991in vivo.]]>284147151Olmos and E. Hellin,1996Pisum sativum.]]>99233237Padh, H.,19906811661173Pareek, A., S.L. Singla and A. Grover,1997Oryza sativa L.]]>80629639Poljakoff-Mayber, A.,19751975pp: 97-117pp: 97-117Pollard, A. and R.G.W. Jones,1979144291298Rahman, M.S., T. Matsumuro, H. Miyake and Y. Takeoka,2000Oryza sativa L.).]]>3422429Rahman, M.S., T. Matsumuro, H. Miyake and Y. Takeoka,2001Oryza sativa L.).]]>4103111Rahman, M.S., H. Miyake and Y. Takeoka,2002Oryza sativa L.).]]>53344Rhodes, D. and A.D. Hanson,199344357384Sakamoto, A. and N. Murata,200225163171Smirnoff, N.,20003229235Smith, M.M., M.J. Hodson, H. Opik and S.J. Wainwright,1982Agrostis stolonifera.]]>33886895Thomas, C.E., L.R. McLean, R.A. Parker and D.F. Ohlweiler,199227543550Yamane, K., M. Kawasaki, M. Taniguchi and H. Miyake,2003160573575Yang, G., D. Rhodes and R.J. Joly,199623437443Munns, R. and A. Termaat,198613143160