International Journal of Agricultural Research1816-48972152-2553Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ijar.2011.290.298Haemonchus contortus]]>HussienJemal UrgessaKaba RegassaFayissa JemalAwol AbajebelSultan HussienNezif 3201163The present study was aimed at investigating the antihelmentic effects of the essential oil extracts of Coriandrum sativum Linn., Ocimum gratissimum Linn., Ocimum lamifolium Hochst. ex Benth, Ruta chalpensis Linn., Thymus schimperi Ronniger and Echinops kebericho Mesfin against H. contortus. In vitro bioassay employing the egg hatching test was conducted to determine the antihelmentic potential of the essential oils at 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 and 0.0625% (v/v) concentration. The concentration of the extracts that inhibited 50% of test organisms (IC50) was determined using probit analysis of the mean percent egg hatch inhibition followed by linear regression analysis. Accordingly, the plants demonstrated inhibitory effects on hatching of eggs at all concentration levels. The mean percent inhibition at 1% conctration ranged from 81.8±0.6 (E. kebericho) to 100±0 (O. gratissimum and R. chalpensis). At each test concentration of the essential oils, the observed biological effect was statistically significant (p<0.05). Among the extracts, the essential oils of O. gratissimum (IC50 0.0784% v/v), R. chalpensis leaf (IC50 0.0876% v/v) and fruit (IC50 0.0944% v/v) were found to be the most active against H. contortus egg hatching. The intensity of egg hatching inhibitory effect of the essential oils was observed to vary in a dose dependent fashion (p<0.05) and 1% concentration of the essential oils of most of the plants investigated was generally best efficacious with comparable efficacy to the positive antihelmentic compound, thiabendazole (0.5 μg mL-1). The result indicated the potential utility of the plants in the control of egg shedding into the environment to prevent infection of new hosts during grazing. In vivo antihelmentic efficacy and toxicity studies of the plants should be established.]]>Abebe, D. and A. Ayehu,1993pp: 37-114pp: 37-114Abera, B.,2003138594Akhtar, M.S., Z. Iqbal, M.N. Khan and M. Lateef,20003899107ALNAP,20012001Assefa, B., G. Glatzel and C. Buchmann,2010Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J.F. Gmel. among rural communities of Ethiopia.]]>62020Asfaw, N., H.J. Storesund, L. Skattebol, F. Tonnesen and A.J. Aasen,2000Thymus species from Ethiopia.]]>15123125Asha, M.K., D. Prashanth, B. Murali, R. Padmaja and A. Amit,2001Ocimum sanctum and eugenol.]]>72669670Owen, J.B. and R.F.E. Axford,1991Pages: 499Pages: 499Biffa, D., Y. Jobre and H. Chakka,20067107118Biswas, A.K., N. Kondaiah, A.S.R. Anjaneyulu and P.K. Mandal,201044655Coles, G.C., C. Bauer, F.H.M. Borgsteede, S. Geerts, T.R. Klei, M.A. Taylor and P.J. Waller,1992443544Costa, C.T.C., C.M.L. Bevilaqua, A.L.F. Camurca-Vasconcelos, M.V. Maciel and S.M. Morais et al.,2008In vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of Azadirachta indica extracts on Haemonchus contortus.]]>74284287Dessisa, D.,20012001pp: 176188Eguale, T., G. Tilahun, A. Debella, A. Feleke and E. Makonnen,2007In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of crude extracts of Coriandrum sativum against Haemonchus contortus.]]>110428433Falodun, A.,20104154161Giday, M., T. Teklehaymanot, A. Animut and Y. Mekonnen,2007110516525Hansen, J. and B. Perry,1994pp: 45-56pp: 45-56Hedberg, I. and O. Hedberg,20032003pp: 1-45pp: 1-45Hierroa, I., A. Valeroa and M.C. Navarro,2006In vivo larvicidal activity of monoterpenic derivatives from aromatic plants against L3 larvae of Anisakis simplex s.l.]]>13527531Hymete, A. and A. Kidane,1991Echinops spp.]]>96771Hymete, A., R. Rohloff, T. Iversen and H. Kjosen,2007Echinops kebericho Mesfin.]]>223538Javanmardi, J., C. Stushnoff, E. Locke and J.M. Vivanco,2003Ocimum accessions.]]>83547550Maphosa, V. and P.J. Masika,201048697702Njoku, C.J. and I.U. Asuzu,1998Ocimum gratissimum.]]>5485488Obianime, A.W., J.S. Aprioku and C. Esomonu,2011Ocimum gratissimum leaf extract on some biochemical and hematological parameters in male mice.]]>44452Patra, A.K.,20116416428Perry, B., T.F. Randolph, J.J. McDermont, K.R. Sones and P.K. Thornton,2002Pages: 140Pages: 140Ramadan, M.F. and J.T. Moersel,2002Coriandrum sativum L.) fruit-seeds.]]>215204209Sainsbury, M. and E.A. Sofowora,1971Ocimum gratissimum.]]>1033093310Schnyder, M., P.R. Torgerson, M. Schonmann, L. Kohlera and H. Hertzberg,2005Haemonchus contortus isolated from South African Boer goats in Switzerland.]]>128285290Solomon, A., A. Workalemahu, M.A. Jabbar, M.M. Ahmed and B. Hurissa,20032003Soltan, M.A.E., R.S. Shewita and S.I. Al-Sultan,20093112Teklehaymanot, T., M. Giday, G. Medhin and Y. Mekonnen,2007111271283USP 30/NF25,2007Vincent, K.,20102010Pessoa, L.M., S.M. Morais, C.M.L. Bevilaqua and J.H.S. Luciano,2002Ocimum gratissimum Linn. and eugenol against Haemonchus contortus.]]>1095963