Current Research in Bacteriology1994-54262077-2122Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/crb.2010.77.83IrohaI.R. AmadiE.S. OjiA.E. NwuzoA.C. Ejike-UgwuP.C. 2201032The present study investigated the occurrence of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) enzyme in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Enugu, Nigeria. Ninety-nine clinical strains of gram- negative bacteria comprising of E. coli (69) and K. pneumoniae (30) were isolated from urine and blood samples from Enugu State University Teaching Hospital (ESUTH), Enugu, Nigeria, from April-July 2008. The presence of ESBL was determined using the Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST). To determine whether the ESBL present is plasmid or chromosomally mediated, positive ESBL isolates were grown in 0.1% acridine orange for 18-24 h. The transfer of resistance marker from ESBL-positive strains of Gram-negative organisms to a non-ESBL strain of E. coli was evaluated via conjugation. The ESBL production was detected in 17 (56.6%) isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 41 (59.4%) isolates of E. coli. The results of our study showed that the prevalence of ESBL in ESUTH was high and was plasmid-mediated. Stable transfer of resistance marker of 8 (47%) ESBL-positive E. coli and 1 ( 14.3%) K. pneumoniae to the non-ESBL recipient strain was observed after trans-conjugation. There is apparently high prevalence of ESBL producing strains of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in present study environment and the enzyme genes are plasmid mediated.]]>Aibinu, I., P. Odugbemi and J.M. Brian,2003Klebsiella spp and Escherichia coli from Lagos.]]>25360Babini, G.S. and D.M. Livermore,2000Klebsiella spp. collected from intensive care units in Southern and Western Europe in 1991-1998.]]>45183189 Bermudes, H., C. Arpin, F. Jude, F.Z. EL-Harri, C. Bebear and C. Quentin,199716523529Beidenbach, D.J., G.J. Moet and R.N. Jones,2004505969Blazques, J., M.I. Morosini, M.C. Negri and F. Baquero,20004421822184Bradford, P.A.,200114933951Cheesbrough, M.,20062nd Edn., pages: 434pages: 434Chiew, Y.F.,200456328329Giniadkowski, M.,20017597608Hibbert-Rogers, L.C., J. Heritage and D.M. Gascoyne-Blnzi,1995366582HO, P.L., D.N.C. Tsang, T.L. Que, M. Ho and K.Y. Yuen,2000Esherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. in Hong Kong.]]>108237240Iroha, I.R., M.U. Adikwu, E.S. Amadi, I. Aibinu and C.O. Esimone,2008E. coli from secondary and tertiary hospital in South Eastern Nigeria.]]>3514519Lautenbach, E., J.B. Patel, W.B. Bilker, P.H. Edelstein and N.O. Fishman,2001Esherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae: Risk factors for infection and impact of resistance on outcomes.]]>3211621171Martinez-Aguilar, G., C.M. Alpuche-Aranda and C. Anaya,2001Klebsiella pneumoniae: High impact on mortality.]]>22725728Medeiros, A.A.,199724S19S45Tison, D.L., P.R. Murray, E.J. Baron, M.A. Pfaller, F.C. Tenover and R.H. Yolken,19997th Edn.,pp: 487pp: 487NCCLS.,20007th Edn.,Olusegun, O.S., Q.A. Marie, K.O. Kayode, A.A. Bolanle and C.R. Marilyn,2005Klebsiella Pneumoniae.]]>572430Soge, O.O., B.A. Adeniyi and M.C. Roberts,2006Klebsiella pneumoniae.]]>5810481053Patterson, J.E.,200114697701Paterson, D.L. and R.A. Bonomo,200518657686 Pfaller, M.A. and J. Segrti,200642153163Ramphal, R. and P.G. Ambrose,200642164172Stanisich, V.A.,1988211148Sorlozano, A., J. Gutierrez, M. Palania, M.J. Soto and G. Piedrola,2004Escherichia coli: A phenotypic assessment of NCCLS guidelines and a commercial method.]]>50131134Winokur, P.L. and D.L. Brueggemann-Desalvo,2005Salmonella isolates expressing a plasmid-mediated CMY-2, AMP-C beta-lactamases.]]>4427772783Xiong, Z., D. Zlu, F. Wang, Y. Zhang, R. Okamota and M. Inoue,2002Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli from China.]]>44195200Bouchillon, S.K., B.M. Johnson, D.J. Hoban, J.L. Johnson and M.J. Dowzicky et al.,2004Enterococcus faecium and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 38 centres from 17 countries: The PEARLS study 2001-2002.]]>24119124