Asian Journal of Plant Pathology1819-1541xxxx-xxxxScience International10.3923/ajppaj.2018.7.15Colletotrichum Species Associated with Chili Anthracnose in Indonesia by Morphological Characteristics and Species-Specific Primers]]>Widodo HidayatSri Hendrastuti 12018121Background and Objective: Anthracnose disease on chili pepper caused by Colletotrichum spp. is known as one of the devastated disease world-wide including Indonesia. This study was carried out to identify Colletotrichum species recovered from chili pepper fruits with anthracnose symptoms collected from some areas in Indonesia through morphological and molecular approaches. Materials and Methods: Infected fruit samples showed anthracnose symptom from several areas were isolated and purified using single spore methods. All of the isolates were then characterized based on conidial shape and colony color. The effect of temperature on the radial growth of six of the isolates represented three conidial morphotypes was determined. Results: Ninety seven single-spore isolates of Colletotrichum from chili pepper fruits were identified as C. acutatum, C. gloeosporioides and C. capsici based on morphological characters and/or polymerase chain reaction using species-specific primer. All isolates identified as C. acutatum produced tapering conidia and developed orange colony color. Meanwhile, conidia of isolates identified as C. gloeosporioides showed cylindrical shape with rounded on both ends and developed grey or olive gray colony colors. Among Colletotrichum species collected in this study, C. capsici was easily differentiated from two other species by its typical falcate conidial shape. Of the 6 tested isolates representing three species, C. acutatum showed the slowest growth rate in plate culture on potato dextrose agar. 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