American Journal of Drug Discovery and Development2150-427x2150-4296Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ajdd.2014.85.89Psidium guajava]]>AbdulhamidA. FakaiI.M. SaniI. ArgunguA.U. BelloF. 1201441To establish the scientific basis for the use of Psidium guajava in
traditional medicinal practices in Northern Nigeria, the ethanolic and aqueous
stem bark extracts of Psidium guajava were screened for the presence
of some phytochemicals and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus
aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia
coli and Salmonella spp. The phytochemicals were analyzed using the
standard methods of phytochemical analysis, while the antibacterial activities
were analysed using agar well diffusion method. The results indicated presence
of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and cardiac glycosides
in the two extracts. The results revealed that the two extracts possess wider
antimicrobial activities against the tested organisms at a concentration of
100 mg mL-1 which compares favourably with the standard antibiotic
streptomycin as positive control. However, ethanolic extract demonstrated a
better activity than the aqueous extract with the most susceptible organism
being S. Faecalis and the least activity was reported for Salmonella
spp. Both the ethanol and aqueous extracts of P. guajava may provide
a target for drug discovery.]]>Abdelrahim, S.I., A.Z. Almagboul, M.E. Omer and A. Elegami,2002Psidium guajava L.]]>73713715Akinpelu, D.A. and T.M. Onakoya,2006510781081Akiyama, H., K. Fujii, O. Yamasaki, T. Oono and K. Iwatsuki,2001Staphylococcus aureus.]]>48487491Akinsulire, O.R., I.E. Aibinu, T. Adenipekun, T. Adelowotan and T. Odugbemi,2007In vitro antimicrobial activity of crude extracts from plants Bryophyllum pinnatum and Kalanchoe crenata.]]>4338344Aliyu, A.B., A.M. Musa, J.A. Osnimi, H.A. Ibrahim and A.O. Oyewale,20087119125Chopra, R.N., S.L. Nayer and I.C. Chopra,19923rd Edn.,pp: 7-246pp: 7-246Davies, J.,1994264375382Hagerman, A.E. and L.G. Butler,198125644944497Harborne, J.B.,19983rd Edn.,Pages: 302Pages: 302Iyengar, M.A.,19852nd Edn.,pp: 13-17pp: 13-17Lu, L., S.W. Liu, S.B. Jiang and S.G. Wu,200425213218Mota, M.L.R., G. Thomas and J.M. Barbosa Filho,1985Anacardwm occidentale L.]]>13289300Mulligan, M.E., K.A. Murray-Leisure, B.S. Ribner, H.C. Standiford and J.F. John et al.,1993Staphylococcus aureus: A consensus review of the microbiology, pathogenesis and epidemiology with implications for prevention and management.]]>94313328Njoku, O.U., J.A.E. Boniface, N.C. Obitte D.C. Odimegwu and H.I. Ogbu,201021119Raffauf, R.F.,1996Pegs: 35Pegs: 35Huebner, R.E., A. Wasas, A. Mushi, L. Mazhani and K. Klugman,1998Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b in children under 5 years of age in Botswana.]]>31825Russell, A.D. and F.R. Furr,197743253260Sofowara, A.,19931993pp: 134-156pp: 134-156Trease, H. and G. Evans,198913222230