American Journal of Drug Discovery and Development2150-427x2150-4296Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ajdd.2014.66.72IkpemeE.V. EkaluoU.B. IbiangY.B. UdensiO.U. EkpoP.B. 1201441This study was designed to evaluate the effect of ethanolic stem bark extract
of Nauclea latifolia, Cylicodiscus gabunensis and Araliopsis
souyauxii; three plants used locally as anti-malarials, on haematology and
serum enzyme levels in albino rats. Employing a 3x3 factorial arrangement, thirty
six male albino rats were randomly assigned into nine groups of four rats each,
treated daily with ethanol extract corresponding to 0, 125 and 225 mg kg-1
b.wt. of the three plants. Treatment was administered orally for two months,
after which the animals were sacrificed for estimation of study parameters.
All data were subjected to analysis of variance, with conclusions drawn at 5%
probability level. Results obtained showed that while N. latifolia and
A. souyauxii gave no evidence of potential haemo-toxicity, C. gabunensis
at 225 mg kg-1 b.wt. significantly reduced haemoglobin content and
packed cell volume of the animals. Although alanine transaminase revealed no
significant differences, all plants induced significant elevation in alkaline
phosphatase levels at both 125 and 225 mg kg-1 b.wt. Aspartate transaminase
was also significantly elevated in all plant groups at 225 mg kg-1
b.wt. Overall, the potential toxic effect of these anti-malarial herbs was observed
to be more on serum enzyme levels, than on haematology. In quest for standardized
anti-malarial preparations from these herbs, we recommend a dose no more than
225 mg kg-1 b.wt. for N. latifolia and A. souyauxii
and 125 mg kg-1 b.wt. for C. gabunensis.]]>Abdel Aziz, I., H.J. El-Khozondar, M. Shabat, K. Elwasife and A. Mohamed-Osman,201020235244Adebayo, J.O. and A.U. Krettli,2011133289302Adeniyi, T.T., G.O. Ajayi, M.A. Akinsanya and T.M. Jaiyeola,2010Zygorritonia crocea.]]>57176Adeshina, S.K.,19982915Adjanohoun, J.E., N. Aboubakar, K. Dramane, M.E. Ebot and J.A. Ekpere et al.,1996pp: 240-241pp: 240-241Adjroud, O.,2009Wistar albino rats.]]>128799Akah, P.A., O.E. Orisakwe, K.S. Gamaniel and A. Shittu,199862123127Akpanabiatu, M.I., I.B. Umoh, E.O. Udosen, A.E. Udoh and E.E. Edet,2005Nauclea latifolia leaf extract administration.]]>202934Ambali, S.F., D. Akanbi, M. Shittu, A. Giwa, O.O. Oladipo, M. Kawu and J.O. Ayo,201073744Anon,200737014591459Arise, R.O., A.A. Akintola, J.B. Olarinoye and E.A. Balogun,20128389395Benoit-Vical, F., A. Valentin, V. Cournac, Y. Pelissier, M. Mallie and J.M. Bastide,1998In vitro antiplasmodial activity of stem and root extract of Nauclea latifolia S.M (Rubiaceae).]]>61173178Bergmeyer, H.U., M. Horder and R. Rej,198624497510Bergmeyer, H.U., M. Horder and R. Rej,198624481495Bessey, O.A., O.H. Lowry and M.J. Brock,1946164321329Brisibe, E.A., E.A. Uyoh, F. Brisibe, P.M. Magalhaes and J.F.S. Ferreira,2008748844896Dacie, J.V. and M.S. Lewis,19917th Edn.,DeBaun, M.R.,2005147560561Ekaluo, U.B., E.V. Ikpeme, Y.B. Ibiang and F.O. Omordia,2013Annona muricata L.) fruit extract on sperm toxicity induced by caffeine in albino rats.]]>136771Guyton, A.C. and J.E. Hall,200611th Edn.,Hymavathi, V. and L.M. Rao,2000Channa punctatus.]]>1915Ibiang, Y.B., U.B. Ekaluo, A.I. Nta, E.V. Ikpeme, B.E. Ekanem and F.A. Erem,2013Rattus Norvegicus).]]>1113Ikpeme, E.V., U.B. Ekaluo, O.U. Udensi and E.E. Ekerette,20133742751Karou, S.D., T. Tchacondo, D.P. Ilboudo and J. Simpore,201114149169Kolawole, J.A. and T.O.E. Alemika,19965179183Kolawole, S.O., O.T. Kolawole and M.A. Akanji,2011Khaya senegalensis Stem Bark on biochemical and hematological parameters in rats.]]>6602607Li, J., Y. Xia and D.J. Kuter,1999106345356Menut, C., M.F. Bissangou, G. Lamaty, P.H. Amvam-Zollo and J.M. Bessierec,19946319321Okiemy-Andissa, N., M.L. Miguel, A.W. Etou, J.M. Ouamba, M. Gbeassor and A.A. Abena,2004Hyptis suavolens, Nauclea latifolia and Ocimum gratissimum.]]>716131615Oyewole, O.I., S.O. Malamo and R.O. Arise,20093410414Patil, S., S. Shetty, R. Bhide and S. Narayanan,2013Carica papaya leaf aqueous extract in rats.]]>15760Polenakovic, M. and A. Sikole,1996711781182Raven, P., G. Johnson, J. Losos and S. Singer,20057th Edn.,Pages: 934Pages: 934Sanchez-Elsner, T., J.R. Ramirez, F. Rodriguez-Sanz, E. Varela and C. Bernabew et al.,200436924Savithri, Y., P.R. Sekhar and P.J. Doss,2010117Schalm, O.W., N.C. Jain and G.H. Carroll,19753rd Edn.,Pages: 807Pages: 807Shafaei, A., E. Farsi, B.M.K. Ahamed, M.J.A. Siddiqui, I.H. Attitalla, I. Zhari and M.Z. Asmawi,2011Ficus deltoidea leaves.]]>1237243Tchivounda, H.P., B. Koudogbo, Y. Besace and E. Casadevall,1991Cylicodiscus gabunensis.]]>3027112716Tene, M., P. Chabert, O. Note, T.J.N. Kenla, P. Tane and A. Lobstein,2011Cylicodiscus gabunensis.]]>48992Tiwari, U., B. Rastogi, P. Singh, D.K. Saraf and S.P. Vyas,2004Tridax procumbens in experimental animals.]]>92113119Wang, J., J. Xu and J.B. Zhong,200424312316