Asian Journal of Biochemistry1815-99231815-9931Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ajb.2011.252.262Chinnapu ReddyGopu DevakiRamakrishna RaoPragna 3201163Intravenous (IV) iron used to treat anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Hemodialyzed (HD) patients, may lead to iron overload. The incidence of sepsis in CKD patients with iron overload was studied. Procalcitonin and pro-inflammatory cytokines were used as markers. Serum procalcitonin was estimated semi quantitatively and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were quantified by ELISA. The study groups comprised of CKD patients on hemodialysis, receiving IV iron (n = 33) and CKD patients not on hemodialysis and receiving oral iron therapy (n = 36). Among patients receiving IV iron and on HD, non-survivors had significant (p<0.05) iron overload. 36.7% of HD patients had hyperferritinemia (>800 ng mL-1. Among them, those having PCT>10 ng mL-1, had a mortality of 67%. Elevated interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were associated with higher rates of mortality. Iron overload is an additional risk factor propagating sepsis in hemodialyzed patients.]]>Ahmed, A.M., M.F. Allam, E.S. Habil, A.M. Metwally and N.A. Ibrahiem et al.,201020193202Aiello, J.,200229297300Altman, D.G.,199918487490Baradaran, A. and H. Nasri,2005816231627Barany, P.,200116224227Basic-Jukic, N., P. Kes and I. Juric,200660457462Barton, P.A., M.P. Pai, J. Depczynski, C.R. McQuade and R.C. Mercier,200626304309Basile, C., G. Ruggieri, L. Vernaglione, A. Montanaro and R. Giordano,200316908913Bone, R.C., C.J. Grodzin and R.A. Balk,1997112235243Bone, R.C., R.A. Balk, F.B. Cerra, R.P. Dellinger and A.M. Fein et al.,199210116441655Brunkhorst, F.M., K. Wegscheider, Z.F. Forycki and R. Brunkhorst,20002S148S152Cooper, L.,2001153845Coyne, D.W.,200852S14S20Dandona, P., D. Nix, M.F. Wilson, A. Aljada, J. Love, M. Assicot and C. Bohuon,19947916051608Elshamaa, M.F., S. Sabry, A.A. Elmenshay, A.M. Ahmed and E.A. Elghoroury,20077776782Elshamaa, M.F., E.A. Elghoroury and A. Helmy,20077319329Epstein, F.H.,20013201204Fishbane, S., K. Kalantar-Zadeh and A.R. Nissenson,200417336341Foley, R.N., H. Guo, J.J. Snyder, D.T. Gilbertson and A.J. Collins,20041510381045Herbelin, A., A.T. Nguyen, J. Zingraff, P. Urena and B. Descamps-Latscha,199037116125Himmelfarb, J. and T.A. Ikizler,201036318331845Hirano, T., S. Akira, T. Taga and T. Kishimoto,199011443449Khan, F.A., M.A. Fisher and R.A. Khakoo,200711482487Marr, K.A.,2000132329Mascotti, D.P., D. Rup and R.E. Thach,199515239261Muller, B., K.L. Becker, H. Schachinger, P.R. Rickenbacher, P.R. Huber, W. Zimmerli and R. Ritz,200028977983Nasri, H., S. Shirani and A. Baradaran,20066173179Nasri, H., S. Shirani M.D. and A. Baradaran,20066393397Neiland, J.B.,198150715731Scheiber-Mojdehkar, B., B. Lutzky, R. Schaufler, B. Sturm and H. Goldenberg,20041516481655Seiler, S.,2000103539Spiegel, D.M. and G.M. Chertow,2009410091010Stenvinkel, P.,2001195361Swarnalatha, G., R. Ram, P. Neela, M.U. Naidu and K.V.D. Murty,201021852858Trey, J.E. and I. Kushner,199521118Ugarte, H., E. Silva, D. Mercan, M.A. De and J.L. Vincent,199927498504Van Wyck, D.B., J.C. Stivelman, J. Ruiz, L.F. Kirlin, M.A. Katz and D.A. Ogden,198935712716Weiss, G.,2002114357367Zager, R.A., A.C. Johnson and S.Y. Hanson,200466144156Zager, R.A., A.C. Johnson and S.Y. Hanson,20046521082112