Asian Journal of Animal Sciences1819-1878xxxx-xxxxxAsian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/ajas.2021.10.18Bacillus cereus Associated with Ulcer Formation in African Catfish Clarias gariepinus]]>M. YounesAbdelgayed Y. GaafarAlkhateib Eldeen Z. Abu-BrykaAlaa Abou ZaidAttia A. A. AskoraAhmed 12021151Background and Objective:Bacillus cereus is a toxin-producing facultatively anaerobic Gram-positive rods and could cause diseases in aquatic animals. The main objective of this study was to determine the isolation and pathogenicity of Bacillus cereus associated with ulcer formation in African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Materials and Methods: Live moribund African catfish Clarias gariepinus suffered from skin ulceration and hemorrhages were collected from a private fish farm at Kafr El Sheikh Governorate north Egypt, March, 2019. The bacterium isolated from moribund fishes was identified as a Bacillus cereus based on phenotypic, biochemical characteristics and confirmed with 16s rRNA sequence. Results: Experimentally infected fish showed external and internal clinical symptoms typical to those caused by natural infection. The clinical signs of the affected fish showed ulcers on the skin. The severity of ulcers was dose dependent. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that the bacterium was sensitive to all antibiotics but cefotaxime. B. cereus isolate was found to be positive for the production of protease, lipase, lecithinase and hemolysin. Conclusion: This study indicated that B. cereus was the causative agent responsible for skin ulceration and disease in African catfish C. gariepinus.]]>El Naggar, G., 2007Clarias gariepinus in controlling unwanted reproduction of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in low input production system.]]>11105113Younes, A.M., A.Y. Gaafar, A. El-Din Z. Abu-Bryka, L.A. Mohamed and El-Sayed M. Bayoumy, 201923467474Kotiranta, A., K. Lounatmaa and M. Haapasalo,2000Bacillus cereus infections.]]>2189198Ceuppens, S., N. Boon and M. Uyttendaele,2013Bacillus cereus group strains is reflected in their broad range of pathogenicity and diverse ecological lifestyles.]]>84433450Nguyen, A.T. and S.M. Tallent,2019Bacillus cereus toxins using whole genome sequencing.]]>78164170Webb, M.D., G.C. Barker, K.E. Goodburn and M.W. Peck,2019Bacillus cereus.]]>9394105Kovac, J., R.A. Miller, L.M. Carroll, D.J. Kent, J. Jian, S.M. Beno and M. Wiedmann,2016Bacillus cereus group isolates of dairy origin is associated with whole-genome phylogenetic clade.]]>2016Kuebutornye, F.K.A., E.D. Abarike and Y. Lu,2019Bacillus as probiotics in aquaculture.]]>87820828Soto, J.O., 2017Bacillus Probiotic Enzymes: External Auxiliary Apparatus to Avoid Digestive Deficiencies, Water Pollution, Diseases and Economic Problems in Marine Cultivated Animals.]]>2017pp: 15-35pp: 15-35Goodwin, A.E., J.S. Roy, J.M. Grizzle and M.T. Goldsby,1994Bacillus mycoides: A bacterial pathogen of channel catfish.]]>18173179Chandra, G., I. Bhattacharjee and S. Chatterjee,2015Bacillus cereus infection in stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Siluriformes: Heteropneustidae) and their recovery by Argemone mexicana seed extract.]]>14741753Pychynski, T., T. Malanowska and M. Kozlowski, 1981Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis).]]>37742743Baya, A., T. Li, B. Lupiani and F.M. Hetrick, 1992Bacillus cereus, a pathogen for striped bass. ]]>1992pp: 6767Yiagnisis, M. and F. Athanassopoulou,2011276169Aboyadak, I.M., N.M. Sabry, N.G. Ali and H.S. El-Sayed,2016Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas stutzeri from diseased European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) for the first time in Egypt.]]>20103114Ali, N.G.M., I.M. Aboyadak and H.S. El-Sayed,2019Diplodus sargus, Linnaeus 1758) broodstock.]]>12316324Yuan, X.M., S.J. Lyu, H.Q. Zhang, X.Y. Hang, W.D. Shi, L. Liu and Y.L. Wu,2020Bacillus cereus group, a highly lethal pathogen isolated from Chinese soft shell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). ]]>2028592Younes, A.M., L.A. Mohamed, M.F. Eida and A.Y. Gaafar,2015Pseudomonas species from Oreochromis niloticus in Egypt.]]>6312317McClung, L.S. and R. Toabe,194753139147Gray, J.T. and T.R. Shryock,200527131135Suvarna, K.S., C. Layton and J.D. Bancroft,20188th Edn.,Page: 672Page: 672El-Gamal, A.M., M.S. El-Gohary and A.Y. Gaafar,2018Oreochromis niloticus) in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate.]]>141420Elgendy, M.Y., W.S. Soliman, W.T. Abbas, T.B. Ibrahim, A.M. Younes and S.T. Omara,2017Aeromonas hydrophila strains obtained from different polluted aquatic environments.]]>10265272Ozdemir, F. and S. Arslan,2019Bacillus spp. isolated from retail fish and ground beef.]]>84548556