Evaluation of Vitamin B12 Serum Level in a Group of Jordanian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract:
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders affecting humans and metformin is commonly used in its treatment protocol. However, this hypoglycemic agent is known to cause vitamin B12 deficiency, studies released from Jordan indicated the lack of relationship between both diabetes mellitus or metformin use and vitamin B12 deficiency. This investigation was under taken to further clarify this association among Jordanian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total number of 110 type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age of patients was 56.3 years (SD of 11.02) and female constituted 61% of subjects. The percentage of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency was established at 39.1% and those receiving metformin treatments amounted to 76.4% of the studied population. Duration of diabetes had no effect on vitamin B12 deficiency (p<0.52) whereas; duration of metformin use by the patients had (p<0.01). This is the first report which indicates a significant inverse relationship between blood vitamin B12 level and duration of diabetes among Jordanian patients treated with metformin.
How to cite this article
Adeeb Al- Amoush, Qasem Abu Shaqra and Rania Al-Groom, 2016. Evaluation of Vitamin B12 Serum Level in a Group of Jordanian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 15: 561-564.
REFERENCES
Abu-Samak, M., R. Khuzaie, M. Abu-Hasheesh, M. Jaradeh and M. Fawzi, 2008. Relationship of vitamin B12 deficiency with overweight in male jordanian youth. J. Applied Sci., 8: 3060-3063.
CrossRef Direct Link
Adams, J.F., J.S. Clark, J.T. Ireland, C.M. Kesson and W.S. Watson, 1983. Malabsorption of vitamin B12 and intrinsic factor secretion during biguanide therapy. Diabetologia, 24: 16-18.
CrossRef Direct Link
Ajlouni, K., H. Jaddou and A. Batieha, 1998. Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in Jordan: Prevalence and associated risk factors. J. Internal Med., 244: 317-323.
CrossRef
Ajlouni, K., Y.S. Khader, A. Batieha, H. Ajlouni and M. El-Khateeb, 2008. An increase in prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Jordan over 10 years. J. Diabetes Complicat., 22: 317-324.
CrossRef Direct Link
Al-Amoush, A. and Q. Abu Shaqra, 2015. Referral trends of vitamin B12 testing to a community medical practice laboratory in jordan. Int. J Dev. Res., 10: 5796-5799.
Direct Link
Al-Fararjeh, M.A., N. Jaradat and A. Aljamal, 2011. Deficiency of vitamin B12 among Jordanian people with psychological and biological activity. Afr. J. Biochem. Res., 5: 298-302.
Direct Link
Aljabra, R.J., F.A. Al-Noimi, N.S. Batayha, H.A. Telfah, S.T. Andrawes, H. Alrabbaei and J. Abu Abeeleh, 2015. Study of vitamin B12 deficiency and its relation with metformin treatment among diabetics in prince rashid hospital. Eur. Sci. J., 11: 24-29.
Direct Link
Barghouti, F.F., N.A. Younes, L.J. Halaseh, T.T. Said and S.M. Ghraiz, 2009. High frequency of low serum levels of vitamin B [12] among patients attending Jordan University Hospital. Eastern Mediterranean Health J., 15: 853-860.
Direct Link
El-Khateeb, M., Y. Khader, A. Batieha, H. Jaddou, D. Hyassat, A. Belbisi and K. Ajlouni, 2014. Vitamin B12 deficiency in Jordan: A population-based study. Ann. Nutr. Metab., 64: 101-105.
CrossRef PubMed
El-Qudah, J. M., B.F. Dababneh, M.M. Al-Qudah and M. Haddad, 2013. Serum vitamin B12 levels related to weight status among healthy Jordanian students. Lab. Med., 44: 34-39.
CrossRef Direct Link
Fora, M.A. and M.A. Mohammad, 2005. High frequency of suboptimal serum vitamin B12 level in adults in Jordan. Saudi Med. J., 26: 1591-1595.
PubMed Direct Link
Hermann, L.S., B.O. Nilsson and S. Wettre, 2004. Vitamin B12 status of patients treated with metformin: A cross-sectional cohort study. Br. J. Diabetes Vasc. Dis., 4: 401-406.
CrossRef Direct Link
Iftikhar, R. , S.M. Kamran, A. Qadir, Z. Iqbal and H. Usman, 2013. Prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus on metformin: A case control study from Pakistan. Pan. Afr. Med. J., 16: 67-70.
Direct Link
Kibirige, D. and R. Mwebaze, 2013. Vitamin B12 deficiency among patients with diabetes mellitus: Is routine screening and supplementation justified? J. Diabetes Metabol. Disord., Vol. 12.
Kos, E., M. Liszek, M. Emanuele, R. Durazo-Arvizu and P. Camacho, 2012. Effect of metformin therapy on vitamin D and vitamin B12 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocr. Pract., 18: 179-184.
CrossRef Direct Link
Liu, K.W., L.K. Dai and W. Jean, 2006. Metformin-related vitamin B12 deficiency. Age Ageing, 35: 200-201.
CrossRef Direct Link
Marar, O., S. Senturk, A. Agha, C. Thompson and D. Smith, 2011. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on metformin. RCSI Med. Students J., 4: 16-20.
Oteer, A.S.M., 2012. A cross-sectional study of the effects of chronic use of metformin on the serum levels of vitamin B12 in Jordanian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. M.Sc. Thesis, The University of Jordan, Jordan.
Pflipsen, M.C., R.C. Oh, A. Saguil, D.A. Seehusen and R. Topolski, 2009. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. J. Am. Board Fam. Med., 22: 528-534.
CrossRef Direct Link
Qureshi, S.A., A. Ainsworth and P.H. Winocour, 2011. Metformin therapy and assessment for vitamin B12 deficiency: Is it necessary? Pract. Diabetes, 28: 302-304.
CrossRef Direct Link
Qutob, M.S., H.R. Takruri and F.F. Barghouti, 2011. Evaluation of true vitamin b12 deficiency in a group of jordanians aged 20-40 years visiting the Jordan university hospital. Pak. J. Nutr., 10: 343-349.
CrossRef Direct Link
Reinstatler, L., Y.P. Qi, R.S. Williamson, J.V. Garn and G. Oakley Jr., 2012. Association of biochemical B12 deficiency with metformin therapy and vitamin B12 supplements: The national health and nutrition examination survey, 1999-2006. Diabetes Care, 35: 327-333.
CrossRef Direct Link
Sato, Y., K. Ouchi, Y. Funase, K. Yamauchi and T. Aizawa, 2013. Relationship between metformin use, vitamin B12 deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Endocr. J., 60: 1275-1280.
CrossRef
Ting, R.Z.W., C.C. Szeto, M.H.M. Chan, K.K. Ma and K.M. Chow, 2006. Risk factors of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients receiving metformin. Arch. Internal Med., 166: 1975-1979.
CrossRef Direct Link
© Science Alert. All Rights Reserved