HOME JOURNALS CONTACT

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition

Year: 2013 | Volume: 12 | Issue: 5 | Page No.: 410-415
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2013.410.415
The Effect of Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on the Enzyme Glutathione-S-Transferase Activity in Sprague-Dawley Rats
Hiba F. Al-Sayyed, Hamed H. Takruri and Maha S. Shomaf

Abstract: This research was performed to study the effect of date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on the hepatic enzyme system glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in rats with 7, 12-dimethylbenz (alpha) anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary cancer. The effect of feeding the fruit was compared to that of feeding raw soybean seeds and injection with 2 drugs (preventive and curative against mammary cancer) i.e., tamoxifien and 17-beta-estradiol. Eighty three female weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly distributed into 8 groups. Each group received one of the dietary or drug treatments. One of the groups was injected with sesame oil which is the carcinogen vehicle, to serve as a negative/DMBA control group. Another group of rats that received neither drug nor special dietary treatment served as a positive/DMBA control group. The experiment lasted for 26 weeks. At the end of the feeding period, all animals were killed, livers were removed, prepared and analyzed for their protein content and GST enzyme activity. Livers of the rats that were injected with sesame oil vehicle showed the highest enzyme activity. The rats which were fed the date palm fruit tended to (p = 0.079) reduce the enzyme activity. It is concluded that the date palm fruit at the 2 maturity stages may possess antioxidant activity that is reflected positively in the prevention of DMBA-induced mammary cancer.

Fulltext PDF

How to cite this article
Hiba F. Al-Sayyed, Hamed H. Takruri and Maha S. Shomaf, 2013. The Effect of Date Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on the Enzyme Glutathione-S-Transferase Activity in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 12: 410-415.

Keywords: Date palm fruit, Glutathione-S-transferase (GST), DMBA and Mammary cancer

REFERENCES
  • Al-Sayyed, H., H. Takruri and M. Shomaf, 2013. The effect of date palm fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on 7, 12-dimethylbenz (alpha) anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary cancer in rats. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. (In Press).

  • Bradford, M.M., 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem., 72: 248-254.
    CrossRef    PubMed    Direct Link    

  • Clifton, G., N. Kaplowtiz, J.D. Wallin and J. Kuhlenkamp, 1975. Drug induction and sex differences of renal glutathione-S-transferases in the rat. Biochem. J., 150: 259-262.
    Direct Link    

  • Constantinou, A.I., D. Lantvit, M. Hawthorne, X. Xu, R.B. van Breemen and J.M. Pezzuto, 2001. Chemopreventive effects of soy protein and purified soy isoflavones on DMBA-induced mammary tumors in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Nutr. Cancer, 41: 75-81.
    Direct Link    

  • Becedas, L. and M. Bengtson Ahlberg, 1995. Hormonal influences of detoxification in the rat ovary on enzymes in comparison with the liver. Biochem. Pharmacol., 49: 503-509.
    PubMed    

  • Guillon, F., M. Champ and J.F. Thibault, 2000. Dietary Fiber Functional Products. In: Functional Foods: Concept to Product, Gibson, G. and C. Williams (Eds.). Woodhead, Cambridge, pp: 315-364

  • Guzman, R.C., J. Yang, L. Rajkumar, G. Thordarson, X. Chen and S. Nandi, 1999. Hormonal prevention of breast cancer: Mimicking the effect of pregnancy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 96: 2520-2525.
    PubMed    

  • Habig, W.H., M.J. Pabst and W.B. Jakoby, 1974. Glutathione S-transferases: The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J. Biol. Chem., 249: 7130-7139.
    CrossRef    PubMed    Direct Link    

  • Heffelfinger, S.C., R.B. Gear, K. Taylor, M.A. Miller, J. Schneider, K. LaDow and D. Warshawsky, 2003. DMBA-induced mammary pathologies are angiogenic in vivo and in vitro. Lab. Invest., 80: 485-492.
    PubMed    

  • Hubert, M.F., P. Laroque, J.P. Gillet and K.P. Keenan, 2000. The effects of diet, ad libitum feeding and moderate and severe dietary restrictions on body weight, survival, clinical pathology parameters and causes of death control in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol. Sci., 58: 195-207.
    PubMed    

  • Huggins, C., E. Ford, R. Fukunishi and E.V. Jensen, 1964. Aromatic-induced prevention of fatal toxicity of 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene. J. Exp. Med., 119: 943-954.
    Direct Link    

  • Khanavi, M., Z. Saghari, A. Mohammadirad, R. Khademi, A. Hadjiakhoondi and M. Abdollahi, 2009. Comparison of antioxidant activity and total phenols of some date varieties. DARU J. Pharm. Sci., 17: 104-108.
    Direct Link    

  • Krajka-Kuz'niak, V., H. Szeafer, A. Bartoszek and B. Baer-Dobouwska, 2011. Modulation of rat hepatic phase II enzymes by cabbage juices: Comparison with the effects of indol-3-carbinol and phenethylisothi-ocyanate. Br. J. Nutr., 105: 916-926.

  • Lopez, M., C.J. Lellioo, S. Tovar, W. Kimber and R. Gallego et al., 2006. Tamoxifen-induced anorexia is associated with fatty acid synthase inhibition in the ventromedial nucleous of the hypothalamus and accumulation of malonyl-CoA. Diabetes, 55: 1327-1336.
    PubMed    

  • Medina, M.A., 2001. Glutamine and cancer. J. Nutr., 131: 2539-2542.
    Direct Link    

  • Nuwaysir, E.F., D.A. Daggett, V.C. Jordan and H.C. Pitot, 1996. Phase II enzyme expression in rat liver in response to the antiestrogen tamoxifen. Cancer. Res., 56: 3704-3710.
    PubMed    

  • Qusti, S.Y., A.N. Abu-Khatwa and M.A.B. Lahwa, 2010. Screening of antioxidant activity and phenolic content of selected food items cited in the Holly Quran. Eur. J. Biol. Sci., 2: 40-51.
    Direct Link    

  • Rashwan, N., 2012. Effect of physalis and choline on lipid profile and antioxidant activity in hepatic toxicity rats. Aust. J. Basic Appl. Sci., 6: 654-660.

  • Reeves, P.G., F.H. Nielsen and G.C. Fahey Jr., 1993. AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: Final report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc writing committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76A rodent diet. J. Nutr., 123: 1939-1951.
    CrossRef    PubMed    Direct Link    

  • Roman, L. and R. Masters, 2006. The Cytochromes P450 and Nitric Oxide Synthase. In: Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, Devlin, T.M. (Ed.). Wiley-Liss, USA., ISBN: 9780471678083, pp: 414-438

  • Sohn, O.S., E.S. Fiala, P. Upadhyaya, Y.H. Chae and K. El-Bayoumy, 1999. Comparative effects of phenylenebis (methylene) slenocyanate isomers on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in organs of female CD rats. Carcinogenesis, 20: 615-621.
    PubMed    

  • Talalay, P., J.W. Fahey, W.D. Holtzclaw, T. Prestera and Y. Zhang, 1995. Chemoprotection against cancer by Phase 2 enzyme induction. Toxicol. Lett., 82-83: 173-179.
    PubMed    

  • Teller, M., C. Stock, L. Heliman, I. Mountain and M. Bowie et al., 1977. Comparative effect of series of prolactin inhibitors, 17-beta-estradiol and 2-alpha-methyldihydro-testosterone propionate on growth of 7, 12-Dimethylbenz (a)anthracene-induced rat mammary carcinoma. Cancer Res., 37: 3932-3938.

  • Townsend, D.M., K.D. Tew and H. Tapiero, 2003. The importance of glutathione in human disease. Biomed. Pharmacother., 57: 145-155.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    

  • Wiegand, H., A.E. Wagner, C. Boesch-Saadatmandi, H.P. Kruse, S. Kulling and G. Rimbach, 2009. Effect of dietary genistein on phase II and antioxidant enzymes in rat liver. Cancer Genom. Proteom., 6: 85-92.
    PubMed    

    • © Science Alert. All Rights Reserved