Effect of Milk Replacer on Performance Parameters of Different Bovine Breeds
Abstract:
The experiment was conducted in Livestock Research and Development Station Surezai Peshawar. Total 112 numbers of calves including 28 Nilli Ravi and 10 Azikheli buffalo, while cattle calves contained 31 achai and 41 crossed bred (HF and Sahiwal cross). Commercially available milk replacer was used for calves feeding in this experiment. After preparation milk replacer was offer for calves feeding according to the daily requirements. The birth weight was recorded soon after birth, weakly growth rate was recorded of all calves upto weaning weight. Effect of milk replacer on birth and weaning weight of different bovine breeds was significant (P<0.05). Average birth weight of Achai, Azikheli, Cross and Nili Ravi breed were 15.23±0.49, 28.70±1.00, 21.92±0.70 and 31.90±1.10 kg, respectively. Total mortality percentage was 18.75% (21Nos). Lowest percentage of mortality (0%) was found in Achai breed calves, followed by Azikheli breed calves 14%. The results showed that milk replacer is 117.39% less expensive than natural milk.
How to cite this article
Rajwali Khan, Ghufranullah , Sajjad Ahmad, Bahkt Daraz Khan, M. Iqbal, Pervez , Kamran Farid and Hayazuddin , 2012. Effect of Milk Replacer on Performance Parameters of Different Bovine Breeds. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 11: 1190-1193.
REFERENCES
Akhtar, P., U. Kalsoom, S. Ali, M. Yaqoob and K. Javed et al., 2012. Genetic and phenotypic parameters for growth traits of Nili-Ravi buffalo heifers in Pakistan. J. Anim. Plant Sci., 22: 347-352.
Direct Link
Andrighetto, I., F. Gottard, D. Andreoli and G. Cozzi, 1999. Effect of type of housing on veal calf growth performance, behaviour and meat quality. Livest. Prod. Sci., 57: 137-145.
CrossRef Direct Link
Bovine Alliance on Management and Nutrition, 2002. A Guide to Modern Calf Milk Replacer. BAMN., Arlington
Chua, B., E. Coenen, J.V. Delen and D.M. Weary, 2002. Effects of pair versus individual housing on the behavior and performance of dairy calves. J. Dairy Sci., 85: 360-364.
Direct Link
Compinis, W., W. Sirinupongsanan, U. ter Verasilpa, U. Meulen, L. Worachai, C. Khanthapanit and S Jaturasitha, 2002. Effect of soybean protein in milk replacers on veal calf performance. Proceedings of the International Conference on Agricultural Research for Development, October 9-11, 2002, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. -.
Davis, C.L. and J.K. Drackley, 1998. The Development, Nutrition and Management of the Young Calf. Iowa State Press, Ames
Heinrichs, A.J., B.S. Heinrichs, O. Harel, G.W. Rogers and N.T. Place, 2005. A prospective study of calf factors affecting age, body size and body condition score at first calving of Holstein dairy heifers. J. Dairy Sci., 88: 2828-2835.
CrossRef Direct Link
Hill, T.M., G. Bateman II, J.M. Aldrich and L. Schlootterbeck, 2007. Effects of feeding rate of milk replacers and bedding material for calves in a cold, naturally ventilated nursery. Prof. Anim. Sci., 23: 656-664.
Direct Link
Langhout, J., 2003. The effect on farm system aspects of two dairy farms in the Netherlands. M.Sc. Thesis, Biological Farming Systems (WUR), Department of Livestock Production (LBI), Wageningen University, Louis Bolk Institute.
Massey, M.E. and L.L. Benyshek, 1982. Genetic, phenotypic and environmental correlations among performance traits estimated from Limousin field data. J. Anim. Sci., 54: 46-50.
PubMed Direct Link
NRC, 1989. Nutrient Requirement of Dairy Cattle. 6th Rev. Edn., National Academy Science, Washington, DC. USA
Ranjhan, S.K. and N.N. Pathak, 1979. Management and Feeding of Buffaloes. Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi
Razzaque, M.A., S. Abbas, T. Al-Mutawa and M. Bedair, 2009. Performance of pre-weaned female calves confined in housing and open environment hutches in kuwait. Pak. Vet. J., 29: 1-4.
Direct Link
Wagenaar, J.P.T.M. and J. Langhout, 2007. Practical implications of increasing natural living through suckling systems in organic dairy calf rearing. NJAS., Wageningen J. Life Sci., 54: 375-386.
CrossRef Direct Link
Sharma, K.N.S. and D.K. Jain, 1979. Dairy Handbook. Karnal, India, Pages: 256
© Science Alert. All Rights Reserved