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Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2005 | Volume: 8 | Issue: 12 | Page No.: 1720-1738
DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2005.1720.1738
Enhanced Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Via Conjugation and Azide Resistant Mutants in Rhizobial Strains
K. A. Zaied, Z. A. Kosba, M. A. Nassef and A. A. Zehry

Abstract: Conjugal transfer of DNA was carried out in this study by inducing diparental and triparental transconjugants of Rhizobium to improve the symbiotic phenotype of the microsymbiot. Here, this study describe also the isolation and symbiotic characterization of Azr mutants of Rhizobium phaseoli with enhanced symbiotic nitrogen fixation capability. Tri-parental transconjugants were involved DNA from Pseudomonas putida to supported the role of antibiotics in disease suppression of the isolates colonize root system to protect it against pathogens and also to degrade phenolic compounds present in root exudates, which may affect on the suppression nodulation process, thereby improving nodulation, plant growth and yield. All new recombinants induced including transconjugants and azide resistant mutants were evaluated in pots experiments, thus leading to select the efficient strains to be evaluated under field conditions. All new recombinants derived from the mating between; RLbp7 x Pseudomonas putida x R. L. bv. viciae significantly stimulated the formation of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll. Three recombinants out of five exhibited high nodulation, in addition, two out of five produced significant increase in root dry matter production above the mid-parents. All tri-parental transconjugants resulted from the cross between; RLbp9 x Pseudomonas putida x R. L. bv. viciae, produced significant amounts of IAA above the mid-parents when grown in the presence of exogenous trypton and ethanol. Three out of five tri-parental transconjugants resulted from the cross between; RLbp9 x Pseudomonas putida x R. L. bv. viciae were efficient in symbiosis because of higher number of nodules developed on the root system of the host plant, which ranged between 22-46. The same recombinants increased root dry matter yield above uninoculated plants. Four out of five tri-parental transconjugants resulted from the cross between; RLbp10 x Pseudomonas putida x R. L. bv. viciae, synthesize significant amounts of IAA over their mid-parents in the presence of exogenous tryptophan and trypton. However, three out of five produced significant amounts of IAA from ethanol and all five recombinants produced significant amounts of IAA from lactic acid above their mid-parents. In addition, three recombinants (RLbp10 x Pseudomonas putida x R. L. bv. viciae), developed significant number of nodules above the mid-parents on the root system, which ranged between 16-25. Plants inoculated with some of azide resistant mutants (Azr4, Azr5 and Azr6), di-parental transconjugants (DPM-Tr3 and DPM-Tr5) and tri-parental transconjugants (TPM-Tr8) appeared significant increase in grain weight per plant over uninoculated plants.

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K. A. Zaied, Z. A. Kosba, M. A. Nassef and A. A. Zehry, 2005. Enhanced Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Via Conjugation and Azide Resistant Mutants in Rhizobial Strains. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 8: 1720-1738.

Keywords: Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Phaseoli, nitrogen fixation, conjugation and Phaseolus vulgaris L

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