HOME JOURNALS CONTACT

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2001 | Volume: 4 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 27-31
DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2001.27.31
Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilisers on Growth, Chemical Components, and Seed Yields of a Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Grown on Oxic Paleustults Soil, Northeast Thailand
S. Pholsen, D.E. B. Higgs and A. Suksri

Abstract: This experiment was carried out at Khon Kaen University, Thailand to investigate the effects of nitrogen and potassium chemical fertilisers upon growth, chemical components and seed yield. Urea and potassium chloride were used for nitrogen and potassium sources, respectively. Nitrogen application rates were 0, 62.5, 125 and 187.5 kg N/ha and potassium rates were 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg K2O/ha. The experiment was laid in a 4 x 4 factorial arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The plant samples were taken at 52 and 82 days after emergence for dry weights of stem, leaves, flower heads, and leaf areas, and 93 days after emergence for seed head dry weights, seed yields and 1000-seed weights. The results showed that leaf dry weights and leaf areas of the sorghum plants at 52 days after emergence increased with an increase in nitrogen levels whilst potassium levels had no significant effect. At 82 days after emergence, total dry weights, stem dry weights, leaf dry weights, flower head dry weights and leaf areas were unaffected by both nitrogen and potassium levels. This was also true for Neutral Detergent Fibre (NDF), Acid Detergent Fibre (ADF) and Dry Matter Degradability (DMD). Crude Protein (CP) values increased with an increase in nitrogen levels while a reverse was found with the brix values for both nitrogen and potassium levels. At 93 days after emergence, seed head dry weights, seed yields and 1000-seed weights were unaffected by both nitrogen and potassium levels.

Fulltext PDF

How to cite this article
S. Pholsen, D.E. B. Higgs and A. Suksri, 2001. Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilisers on Growth, Chemical Components, and Seed Yields of a Forage Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Grown on Oxic Paleustults Soil, Northeast Thailand. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 4: 27-31.

Keywords: Forage sorghum, dry matter yield, chemical components, dry matter degradability and leaf areas

REFERENCES

  • Agnal, M.B., M.D. Kachapur and M.B. Chetti, 1992. The quality characters of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes as influenced by different nutrient levels. Karmaka J. Agric. Sci., 5: 114-120.
    Direct Link    


  • Bordovsky, D.G., M. Choudhary and C.J. Gerard, 1998. Tillage effects on grain sorghum and wheat yields in the texas rolling plains. Agron. J., 90: 638-643.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Bullock, D.G., F.W. Simmons, I.M. Chung and G.I. Johnson, 1993. Growth analysis of corn grown with or without starter fertilizer. Crop Sci., 33: 112-117.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Buxton, D.R., I.C. Anderson and A. Hallam, 1999. Performance of sweet and forage sorghum grown continuously, double-cropped with winter rye, or in rotation with soybean and maize. Agron. J., 91: 93-101.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Devahuti, P.P., J. Tawatapune and W. Boonpukdee, 1993. Relation between in vivo nylon bag and pepsin cellulase in vitro dry matter digesttibility of some tropical forage species. An Annual Research Repot of 1992, Animal Nutrition Division, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative, Thailand.


  • Faungfupong, S., S. Limarune, W. Wongyai and R. Thiraporn, 1980. An annual report department of agriculture extension. Kasetsart University, The Rocky Feller Foundation. March 24-28, 1980. Chiang Mai, Thailand.


  • Geleta, S., G.J. Sabbagh, J.F. Stone, R.L. Elliott, H.P. Mapp, D.J. Bernardo and K.B. Watkins, 1994. Importance of soil and cropping systems in the development of regional water quality policies. J. Environ. Qual., 23: 36-42.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Goering, H.K. and P.J. van Soest, 1970. Forage Fibre Analysis. ARS-USDA, Washington, DC., USA., pp: 187-198


  • Hare, M.D. and C. Phaikaew, 1999. Forage Seed Production in Northearst Thailand. In: Forage Seed Production, Loch, D.S. and J.E. Ferguson (Eds.). Vol. 2. CABI International Press, USA


  • Jaisil, P., S. Boonjan and A. Patanothai, 1980. Soghum breeding at khon kaen university. An Annual Report. Department of Agriculture Extention, Kasetsart University, The Rocky Feller Foundation. March 24-28, 1980 Chiang Mai, Thailand.


  • Manidool, C. and S. Chantkam, 1986. Feed Resources for Small Holder Dairy Producetion. ASPAC, Food and Fertilizer Technology Center, Taipei, Taiwan.


  • Miller, W.M. and R.L. Donahue, 1990. Soil and Introduction to Soils and Plant Growth. 6th Edn., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ


  • Nissen, O., 1988. MSTAT-C. A Microcomputer Programme for the Design Management and Analysis of Agronomic Research Experiments. Michigan State University, USA


  • Orskov, E.R., F.D.D.B. Hovell and F. Mould, 1980. The use of nylon bag technique for the evaluation of feed stuffs. Trop. Anim. Prod., 5: 195-213.
    Direct Link    


  • Overnell, J., 1975. Potassium and photosynthesis in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum as related to washes with sodium chloride. Physiologia Plantarum, 35: 217-224.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Panichpol, W. and W. Jeamjadecharoon, 1999. Tables of nutritive values of forage crops. An Annual Research Report of 1999. Animal Nutritoin Division, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Thailand.


  • Phaikaew, C., W. Boonpukdee, S. Srakoopan and K. Arkahat, 1992. Yield and nutritive value of forage sorghum line UT 203 at different cutting intervals. An Annual Research Report, Division of Animal Nutrition, Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Thailand.


  • Pholsen, S., S. Kasikranan, P. Pholsen and A. Suksri, 1998. Dry matter yield, chemical components and dry matter degradability of ten sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) grown on oxic paleustult soil. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 1: 228-231.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Powell, J.M. and F.M. Hons, 1992. Fertilizer nitrogen and stover removal effects on sorghum yields and nutrient uptake and partitioning. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 39: 197-211.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Gangadhar, D., R. Khanna-Chopra and S.K. Sinha, 1999. Comparative performance of sorghum hybrids and their parents under extreme water stress. J. Agric. Sci., 133: 53-59.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Russell, E.W., 1988. Soil Condotions and Plant Growth. 11th Edn., Longman Group, UK


  • Salisbury, F.B. and C.W. Ross, 1992. Plant Physiology. 4th Edn., Wadsworth Publishing Co., USA


  • Sestak, Z., J. Catsky and P.G. Jarvis, 1971. Plant Photosynthetic Production Manual of Methods. Dr W. Junk N.V. Publishers, Hague


  • Shelton, H.M. and L.R. Humphreys, 1978. Pasture improvement project. Annual Report, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.


  • Shelton, H.M., R.C. Gutteridge, N. Wilaipon, B. Wickham, D.C. Kratzing and S.A. Waring, 1979. Nutrient studies on pasture soils of Northeast Thailand. Thai. J. Agric. Sci., 12: 235-247.


  • Wanwika, S., A. Boontham, P. Sithithai and P. Suriyapun, 1991. A study on planting dates and ratoon yields of sorghum for livestock feedstuffs. J. Agric., 9: 17-20.


  • Suksri, A., 1998. Effects of dolomite on growth and seed yields of soybeans (Glycine max L.) grown on oxic paleustult soil in Northeast Thailand. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 1: 215-218.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Thiraporn, R., 1980. Corn and sorghum reginoal trials in agricultural colleges. An Annual Report Department of Agricultural Extension , Kasetsart University, The Rocky Feller Foundation March 24-28, 1980 Chiang Mai, Thailand.


  • Vomel, A., 1965. Nutrient balance in various lysimeter soils: I. Water leaching and nutrient balance. Z. Acker-u Pflanzenbau, 123: 155-188.


  • Wilaipon, B. and V. Pongsakul, 1983. Pasture establishment in the farming systems of Northeast Thailand. ASPAC, Foof and Fertilizer Technology Center, Taipei, Taiwan. Extension Bulletin No. 199.

  • © Science Alert. All Rights Reserved