Abstract: Efficacy of different species of rhizobia including, Rhizobium trifolii, R. phaseoli, R. meliloti, Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium sp., were tested in the control of Meloidogyne javanica, the root-knot nematode on Vigna mungo under laboratory, greenhouse and field conditions. Cell-free culture filtrates of the rhizobium species significantly reduced egg hatching and caused mortality of M. javanica larvae In vitro. In pot experiments and under field conditions, Bradyrhizobium sp., gave better biocontrol along with enhanced plant growth and nodulation.