HOME JOURNALS CONTACT

Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2004 | Volume: 4 | Issue: 6 | Page No.: 700-705
DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2004.700.705
Optimization of Parameters for Citric Acid Production from Cheddar Cheese Whey Using Metschnikowia pulcherrima NCIM 3108
R. S. Singh, B. S. Sooch, Kamaljit Kaur and J. F. Kennedy

Abstract: The present study was carried out at flask level for the fermentative production of citric acid from cheddar cheese whey using a yeast culture Metschnikowia pulcherrima NCIM 3108. Clarified and unclarified whey with and without nutrient supplementation was screened for citric acid production. The order of citric acid production was supplemented unclarified whey>supplemented clarified whey>unclarified whey>clarified whey. The effect of various process parameters was investigated to maximize the citric acid production from supplemented unclarified whey. The lactose concentration of 6.0% (w/v) at pH 6.0 with an inoculum size 10% (v/v) of 48 h old culture at 30°C supported the maximum concentration of citric acid production after 5 days of incubation period. The agitation of the yeast culture suppressed the citric acid production to a little extent as compared to stationary conditions.

Fulltext PDF

How to cite this article
R. S. Singh, B. S. Sooch, Kamaljit Kaur and J. F. Kennedy, 2004. Optimization of Parameters for Citric Acid Production from Cheddar Cheese Whey Using Metschnikowia pulcherrima NCIM 3108. Journal of Biological Sciences, 4: 700-705.

Keywords: Optimization and Citric Acid

REFERENCES

  • Marwaha, S.S. and J.F. Kennedy, 1988. Review: Whey-pollution problem and potential utilization. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 23: 323-326.


  • Yang, S.Y., J.H. Jones, F.J. Olsen and J.J. Peterson, 1980. Soil as a medium for dairy liquid waste disposal. J. Environ. Qual., 9: 370-372.


  • Siso, M.I.G., 1996. The biotechnological utilization of cheese whey: A review. Bioresour. Technol., 57: 1-11.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Moulin, G. and P. Galzy, 1984. Whey, a potential substrate for biotechnology. Biotechnol. Genet, Engng. Rev., 1: 347-374.


  • Mawson, A.J., 1994. Bioconversion for whey utilization and waste abatement. Biores. Technol, 47: 195-203.


  • Jayaprakasha, H.M. and H. Brueckner, 1999. Whey protein concentrate: A potential functional ingredient for food industry. J. Food Sci. Technol., 36: 189-204.


  • Somkuti, G.A. and M.M. Bencivengo, 1981. Citric acid fermentation in whey permeate. Dev. Ind. Microbiol., 22: 557-563.


  • Hossain, M., J.D. Brooks and I.S. Maddox, 1983. Production of citric acid from whey permeate by fermentation using Aspergillus niger. N.Z. J. Dairy Sci. Technol., 18: 161-168.


  • El-Samragy, Y.A., A.E. Shehata, M.I. Foda and M.A. Khorshid, 1993. Suitability of strains and mutants of Aspergillus niger for the production of citric acid from cheese whey. Milchwissenschaft, 48: 498-501.


  • El-Samragy, Y.A., M.A. Khorshid, M.I. Foda and A.E. Shehata, 1996. Effect of fermentation conditions on the production of citric acid from cheese whey by Aspergillus niger. Int. J. Food. Microbiol., 29: 411-416.
    CrossRef    


  • Kubicek, C.P. and M. Rohr, 1989. Citric acid fermentation. Crit. Rev. Biotechnol., 3: 331-331.


  • Capoor, A.K. and S. Kishan, 1986. Protein and alcohol production by yeast in clarified and supplemented whey. Indian J. Dairy Sci., 39: 54-59.


  • Perry, N.A. and F.J. Doan, 1950. A picric acid method for the simultaneous determination of lactose and sucrose in dairy products. J. Dairy Sci., 33: 176-185.


  • Marrier, J.R. and M. Boulet, 1958. Direct determination of citric acid in milk with an improved pyridine-acetic anhydride method. J. Dairy Sci., 41: 1683-1692.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Lowry, O.H., N.J. Rosebrough, A.L. Farr and R.J. Randall, 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem., 193: 265-275.
    CrossRef    PubMed    Direct Link    


  • Furukawa, T., T. Ogino and T. Matsuyoshi, 1982. Fermentative production of citric acid from n-paraffins by Saccharomycopsis lipolytica. J. Ferment. Technol., 60: 281-285.


  • Zadow, J.G., 1994. Utilization of Milk Products: Whey. In: Modern Dairy Technology, Robinson, R.K. (Ed.). Vol. 1, Chapman and Hall, London, pp: 313-373


  • Tyagi, R.D. and D. Kluepfel, 1998. Bioconversion of Cheese Whey to Organic Acids. In: Bioconversion of Waste Materials to Industrial Products, Martin, A.M. (Ed.). Blackie Academic and Professional, London, pp: 342-375


  • Singh, R.S. and S. Balwinder, 2001. Whey Pollution Problems and Potential of Microbes for its Utilization. In: Environmental Pollution and Management of Waste Waters by Microbial Techniques, Pathade, G.R. and P.K. Goel (Eds.). ABD Publications, Jaipur, pp: 104-114


  • Hacking, A.J., 1986. Economic Aspects of Biotechnology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp: 234-242


  • Indian Standards Institution, 1977. Methods of Sampling and Tests for Industrial Effluents Part-1. Indian Standards Institution, New Delhi, India


  • AOAC., 1980. Official Methods of Analysis. 13th Edn., Association Official Analytical Chemistry, Washington, DC., USA


  • APHA., 1995. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water. 19th Edn., The American Public Health Association, Washington, DC., USA., Pages: 874


  • Kosikowski, F.V., 1977. Cheese and Fermented Milk Foods. 2nd Edn., Edwards Brothers Inc., Ann Arbor, MI., pp: 448

  • © Science Alert. All Rights Reserved