Isolation of Aeromonas hydrophila from Commercial Chickens in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria
Abstract:
Aeromonas species are increasingly incriminated in clinical cases in livestock
and humans in Nigeria and the world at large. This investigative study was carried
out between November, 2010 and October, 2011 in Jos, Nigeria to determine the
isolation rate of Aeromonas species in clinically sick and apparently healthy
commercial chickens. A total of 2000 postmortem samples consisting of bone marrow,
heart, liver, lung and spleen (400 each) were aseptically collected from 400 clinically
sick chickens suspected to be suffering from various clinical conditions and cultured
for Aeromonas organisms. Four hundred oro-pharyngeal swabs were also collected
from 400 apparently healthy chickens for bacteriological analysis. Swab from each
sample was cultured on 7% defibrinated sheep blood and MacConkey. From the bacteriological
cultures of the bone marrow, heart and liver of the sick chickens, a total 11
(0.5%) Aeromonas hydrophila isolates were identified by biochemical characterization
and Macrobact™ test. Aeromonas organism was not isolated at all from the apparently
healthy chickens. The co-occurrence of Aeromonas hydrophila with other pathogens
in the sick chickens could have contributed to the observed exacerbation of clinical
signs and mortalities in some of the investigated flocks during the study period.
How to cite this article
Y.G. Dashe, M.A. Raji, P.A. Abdu, B.S. Oladele and D. Olarinmoye, 2014. Isolation of Aeromonas hydrophila from Commercial Chickens in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria. International Journal of Poultry Science, 13: 26-30.
REFERENCES
Abdel-Gwad, A.M. and A.A. Abdel-Rahman, 2004. Isolation and significance of Aeromonas hydrophila group in farmed rabbits at Assuit governorate. Ass. Univ. Bull. Environ. Res., 7: 85-93.
Direct Link
Adeleke, E.O. and B.O. Omafuvbe, 2011. Antibiotic resistance of aerobic mesophilic bacteria isolated from poultry faeces. Res. J. Microbiol., 6: 356-365.
CrossRef Direct Link
Awaad, M.H.H., M.E. Hatem, W.A.A. El-Ghany, A. El-Sawy and A. Fathi, 2011. Certain epidemiological aspects of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in chickens. J. Am. Sci., 7: 761-770.
Barrow, G.I. and R.K.A. Felthan, 2004. Cowan and Steels Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria. 4th Edn., Cambridge University Press, UK., pp: 50-145
Barnes, H.J., J.P. Vaillancourt and W.B. Gross, 2003. Collibacillosis. In: Diseases of Poultry, Saif, Y.M. (Ed.). 11th Edn., Iowa State Press, Iowa, USA., pp: 631-656
Clark, G.M., A.F. Gangarosa and M. Thompson, 1973. Epidemiology of an international outbreak of Salmonella agona. Lancet, 302: 490-493.
CrossRef Direct Link
CLSI, 2009. Procedure Manual for Laboratory Practice. 3rd Edn., Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, Pennsylvania USA
Dallal, M.M.S., M.K.S. Yazdi and S. Avadisians, 2012. Study of prevalence and antibiotic resistance in Aeromonas species isolated from minced meat and chicken samples in Iran. Afr. J. Microbiol. Res., 6: 460-464.
Direct Link
Dashe, Y.G., M.A. Raji, P.A. Abdu and B.S. Oladele, 2013. Aeromonas hydrophila infections in chickens affected by fowl cholera in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria. Int. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Res., 1: 32-36.
Direct Link
Dashe, Y.D., M.A. Raji, P.A. Abdu, B.S. Oladele and M.Y. Sugun, 2013. Multidrug resistant Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from chickens with cases of fowl cholera in Jos, Nigeria. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 12: 596-600.
CrossRef Direct Link
Franca, M., R.L. Walker, R. Kokka and H.L. Shivaprasad, 2009. Aeromonas species associated with necrotizing enteritis and septicemia in an adult male ostrich (Struthio camelus). Avian Dis., 53: 310-316.
CrossRef Direct Link
Handfield, M., P. Simard, M. Couillard and R. Letarte, 1996. Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from food and drinking water: Hemagglutination, hemolysis and cytotoxicity for a human intestinal cell line (HT-29). Applied Environ. Microbiol., 62: 3459-3461.
Direct Link
Hassan, E.S.F., 2006. Incidence of hemolysin producing motile Aeromonas in some shellfish and their public health significance in Port-Said City. J. Applied Sci. Res., 2: 972-979.
Direct Link
Hazen, T.C., M.L. Racker, G.W. Esch and C.B. Fliermans, 1978. Ultra structure of red sore lesion on large mouth (Micropetrus salmoidsh) association of the ciliated Epistylis species and the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila. J. Parasitol., 25: 551-555.
Iloeje, N.P., 2001. A New Geography of Nigeria. Longman Nigeria Ltd., Nigeria, pp: 200
Kumar, S., P. Mukhopadhyay, M. Chatterjee, M. Bandyopadhyay, M. Bandyopadhyay, T. Ghosh and D. Samaddar, 2012. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Aeromonas caviae. Avicenna J. Med., 2: 94-96.
CrossRef PubMed Direct Link
Mailafia, S., I. Ajogi and A.J. Nok, 2008. Occurrence and epidemiology of Aeromonas infections isolated from diarrhoeic patients in Zaria, Nigeria. Vom J. Vet. Sci., 5: 27-31.
Martin-Carnahan, A.M. and S.W. Joseph, 2005. Genus I. Aeromonas Stanier 1943, 213AL. In: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Brenner, D.J., N.R. Krieg, J.T. Staley and G.M. Garrity (Eds.). Springer, New York, pp: 557-578
Netys, K., G. Huys, M. Uyttendaele, J. Swings and J. Debevere, 2000. Incidence and identification of mesophilic Aeromonas spp. from retail foods. Lett. Applied Microbiol., 31: 359-363.
Direct Link
NPC, 2006. Population distribution by sex, state, LGAs and senatorial district: Census priority table (Vol. 3). Nigeria National Census, Nigeria.
Nzeako, B. and N. Okafor, 2002. Bacterial enteropathogens and factors associated with seasonal episodes of gastroenteritis in Nsukka, Nigeria. Br. J. Biomed. Sci., 59: 76-79.
PubMed
Ocholi, R.A. and J.O. Kalejaiye, 1990. Aeromonas hydrophila as cause of hemorrhagic septicemia in a ground-hornbill (Bucorvus abyssinicus). Avian Dis., 34: 495-496.
PubMed
Ogbonna, A.C. and D.J. Harris, 2008. Thermal comfort in sub-Saharan Africa: Field study report in Jos-Nigeria. Applied Energy, 85: 1-11.
CrossRef Direct Link
Okewole, P.A., P.S. Odeyemi, E.A. Irokanulo, L.L. Oyetunde and J. Chine, 1989. Cholangiohepatitis and biliary fibrosis in an adult rabbit with Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Bull. Anim. Health Prod. Afr., 37: 395-396.
Okumura, K., F. Shoji, M. Yoshida, A. Mizuta, I. Makino and H. Higashi, 2011. Severe sepsis caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in a patient using tocilizumab: A case report. J. Med. Case Rep., Vol. 5.
CrossRef
Olarinmoye, A.O., O.O. Oladele, A.A. Adediji, U.G. Ntiwunka and G.O. Tayo, 2013. Antibiogram of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from commercial layers with colibacillosis in Southwest Nigeria. Malaysia J. Microbiol., 9: 317-325.
Direct Link
Okpokwasili, G.C. and J.N. Ogbulie, 2001. Biology and seasonality of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) brown-patch syndrome. J. Trop. Aquacult., 16: 88-100.
Portney, L.G. and M.P. Watkins, 2008. Foundation of Clinical Research Applications to Practice. 3rd Edn., Pearson Prentice Hall, London
Rippey, S.R. and V.J. Cabelli, 1979. Membrane filter procedure for enumeration of Aeromonas hydrophila in fresh waters. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 38: 108-113.
Direct Link
Saif, Y.M. and W.F. Busch, 1974. Aeromonas and Salmonella infections in Turkey poults. Report of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio, USA., pp: 119-120.
SPSS, 2004. Statistical package for social science (SPSS), Version 12.01. Chicago Incorporated, United States of America.
Van Damme, L.R. and J. Vandepitte, 1980. Frequent isolation of Edwardsiella tarda and Pleisiomonas shigelloides from healthy Zairese freshwater fish: A possible source of sporadic diarrhea in the tropics. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 39: 475-479.
Direct Link
Zbikowski, A., P. Szeleszczuk, M. Rzewuska, E. Malicka and M. Binek, 2006. Epidemic deaths of mallard ducks after Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 62: 720-722.
© Science Alert. All Rights Reserved