Effects of Feeding Organic Zinc, Manganese and Copper on Broiler Growth, Carcass
Characteristics, Bone Quality and Mineral Content in Bone, Liver and Excreta
Abstract:
The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of
dietary organic Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn) and Copper (Cu) supplements at 50%
or 100% combinations of the broiler strain recommendations for these essential
micronutrients on growth performance, carcass characteristics, tibia bone morphometric
parameters and strength and mineral deposition in tibia, liver and content in
excreta. A total of 648 one-day-old Arbor Acres female broiler chicks were randomly
allotted to 9-groups with 4-replicates of 18-chicks each. A corn-soybean meal
basal diet supplemented with 100% Zn + 100% Mn + 100% Cu as inorganic salts
(Control) and other 8-combinations of 50% or 100% of Zn, Mn and Cu as organic
minerals were added to form 9 dietary treatments. Results showed that birds
fed diet supplemented with 50% Zn + 50% Mn + 50% Cu, added as organic minerals,
improved growth performance, carcass characteristics, tibia quality accompanied
with decreasing trace mineral deposition in tibia, liver and excreta. The increased
bioavailability of these micronutrients, when presented in organic forms, may
be due to improved absorption because of their binding to organic moieties,
or to the protective effect due to their association with organic matrices.
How to cite this article
Osama M. El-Husseiny, Samia M. Hashish, Rida A. Ali, Sohair A. Arafa, Laila D. Abd El- Samee and Ahmad A. Olemy, 2012. Effects of Feeding Organic Zinc, Manganese and Copper on Broiler Growth, Carcass
Characteristics, Bone Quality and Mineral Content in Bone, Liver and Excreta. International Journal of Poultry Science, 11: 368-377.
REFERENCES
Abdallah, A.G., O.M. El-Husseiny and K.O. Abdel-Latif, 2009. Influence of some dietary organic mineral supplementations on broiler performance. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 8: 291-298.
CrossRef Direct Link
Bao, Y.M. and M. Choct, 2009. Trace mineral nutrition for broiler chickens and prospects of application of organically complexed trace minerals: A review. Anim. Prod. Sci., 49: 269-282.
CrossRef Direct Link
Bao, Y.M., M. Choct, P.A. Iji and K. Bruerton, 2007. Effect of organically complexed copper, iron, manganese, and zinc on broiler performance, mineral excretion, and accumulation in tissues. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 16: 448-455.
CrossRef Direct Link
Bao, Y.M., M. Choct, P.A. Iji and K. Bruerton, 2009. Optimal dietary inclusion of organically complexed zinc for broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci., 50: 95-102.
CrossRef
Bao, Y.M., M. Choct, P.A. Iji and K. Bruerton, 2010. Trace mineral interactions in broiler chicken diets. Br. Poult. Sci., 51: 109-117.
Dozier, W.A., A.J. Davis, M.E. Freeman and T.L. Ward, 2003. Early growth and environmental implications of dietary zinc and copper concentrations and sources of broiler chicks. Br. Poult. Sci., 44: 726-731.
CrossRef
Esenbuga, N., M. Macit, M. Karaoglu, M.I. Aksu and O.C. Bilgin, 2008. Effects of dietary humate supplementation to broilers on performance, slaughter, carcass and meat colour. J. Sci. Food Agric., 88: 1201-1207.
CrossRef Direct Link
Fiske, C.H. and Y. Subbarow, 1925. The colorimetric determination of phosphorus. J. Biol. Chem., 66: 375-400.
CrossRef Direct Link
Sunder, G.S., C.V. Kumar, A.K. Panda, M.V.L.N. Raju and S.V.R. Rao, 2011. Effect of supplemental inorganic Zn and Mn and their interactions on the performance of broiler chicken, mineral bioavailability and immune response. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 139: 177-187.
CrossRef
Gheisari, A.A., A. Rahimi-fathkoohi, M. Toghyani and M.M. Gheisari, 2010. Effects of organic chelates of zinc, manganese and copper in comparison to their inorganic sources on performance of broiler chickens. J. Anim. Plant Sci., 6: 630-636.
Goodwin, J.F., 1970. Quantification of serum inorganic phosphorus, phosphatase and urinary phosphate without preliminary treatment. Clin. Chem., 16: 776-780.
PubMed
Jackson, B.P., P.M. Bertsch, M.L. Cabrera, J.J. Camberato, J.C. Seaman and C.W. Wood, 2003. Trace element speciation in poultry litter. J. Environ. Qual., 32: 535-540.
PubMed
Leeson, S., 2003. A new look at trace mineral nutrition of poultry can we reduce the environmental burden of poultry manure. Proceedings of the Alltech's 19th Annual Symposium on Nutritional Biotechnology in the Feed and Food Industries, May 12-14, 2003, Lexington, KY., USA., pp: 125-129.
Masic, B., N. Antonijevic, D. Vitorovic, Z. Pavlovski, N. Milosevic and S. Jastsenjski, 1985. Prilog odredivanju cvrstoce kostiju pilica. Peradarstvo, 8: 19-24.
Mohanna, C. and Y. Nys, 1998. Influence of age, sex and cross on body concentrations of trace elements (zinc, iron, copper and manganese) in chickens. Br. Poult. Sci., 39: 536-543.
CrossRef PubMed Direct Link
Monteagudo, M.D., E.R. Hernandez, C. Seco, J. Gonzalez-Riola, M. Revilla, L.F. Villa and H. Rico, 1997. Comparison of the bone robusticity index and bone weight/bone length index with the results of bone densitometry and bone histomorphometry in experimental studies. Acta Anat. (Basel), 160: 195-199.
CrossRef PubMed Direct Link
Mutus, R., N. Kocabagli, M. Alp, N. Acar, M. Eren and S.S. Gezen, 2006. The effect of dietary probiotic supplementation on tibial bone characteristics and strength in broilers. Poult. Sci., 85: 1621-1625.
CrossRef Direct Link
Nollet, L., J.D. van der Klis, M. Lensing and P. Spring, 2007. The effect of replacing inorganic with organic trace minerals in broiler diets on productive performance and mineral excretion. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 16: 592-597.
CrossRef Direct Link
NRC., 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th Edn., National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA
Direct Link
Onyango, E.M., P.Y. Hester, R. Stroshine and O. Adeola, 2003. Bone densitometry as an indicator of percentage tibia ash in broiler chicks fed varying dietary calcium and phosphorus levels. Poult. Sci., 82: 1787-1791.
CrossRef Direct Link
Patton, R.S., 1990. Chelated minerals: What are they, do they work? Feedstuffs, 62: 14-17.
Pesti, G.M. and R.I. Bakalli, 1996. Studies on the feeding of cupric sulfate pentahydrate and cupric citrate to broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 75: 1086-1091.
CrossRef PubMed Direct Link
Reisenfeld, A., 1972. Metatarsal robusticity in bipedal rats. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol., 36: 229-233.
CrossRef Direct Link
Richards, J.D., J. Zhao, R.J. Harrell, C.A. Atwell and J.J. Dibner, 2010. Trace mineral nutrition in poultry and swine. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 23: 1527-1534.
Direct Link
SAS, 2003. SAS User's Guide. Version 9.1. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC
Aksu, D.S., T. Aksu, B. Ozsoy and E. Baytok, 2010. The effects of replacing inorganic with a lower level of organically complexed minerals (Cu, Zn and Mn) in broiler diets on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense systems. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 23: 1066-1072.
Direct Link
Seedor, J.G., H.A. Quarruccio and D.D. Thompson, 1991. The bisphosphonate alendronate (MK-217) inhibits bone loss due to ovariectomy in rats. J. Bone Miner Res., 6: 339-346.
CrossRef PubMed Direct Link
Smith, M.O., I.L. Sherman, L.C. Miller, K.R. Robbins and J.T. Halley, 1995. Relative biological availability of manganese proteinate, manganese sulfate and manganese monoxide in broilers reared at elevated temperatures. Poult. Sci., 74: 702-707.
PubMed Direct Link
Suttle, N.F., 2010. The Mineral Nutrition of Livestock. 4th Edn., CABI Publishing, Oxford, UK
Van der Klis, J.D. and A.D. Kemme, 2002. An Appraisal of Trace Elements: Inorganic and Organic. In: Poultry Feedstuffs, Supply, Composition and Nutritive Value, McNab, J.M. and K.N. Boorman (Eds.). CAB International, Wallingford, UK., pp: 99-108
Wang, Z., S. Cerrate, C. Coto, F. Yan and P.W. Waldroup, 2007. Evaluation of Mintrex copper as a source of copper in broiler diets. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 6: 308-313.
Yalcin, S., S. Ozkan, Z. Acikgoz and K. Ozkan, 1999. Effect of dietary methionine on performance, carcass characteristics and breast meat composition of heterozygous naked neck (Na/na+) birds under spring and summer conditions. Br. Poult. Sci., 40: 668-694.
Zhao, J., R.B. Shirley, M. Vazquez-Anon, J.J. Dibner and J.D. Richards et al., 2010. Effects of chelated trace minerals on growth performance, breast meat yield, and footpad health in commercial meat broilers. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 19: 365-372.
CrossRef Direct Link
© Science Alert. All Rights Reserved