Comparing the Feeding of Fungus Myceliated Grain with Other Anticoccidial Control Measures on Oocyst Excretion of Eimeria Challenged Broilers
Abstract:
An experiment was conducted to determine if dietary Fungus Myceliated Grain (FMG) as an alternative to other coccidiosis control measures would result in oocyst reduction in the presence of a field strain Eimeria challenge during grow out. A total of 144 broiler chicks were assigned to 8 treatment groups as follows: 1) Control (no coccidiosis protection - no challenge); 2) 5%-FMG (no challenge); 3) Inovocox (IC) (no challenge); 4) Coccivac-B (CB) (no challenge); 5) Control (no coccidiosis protection, challenged); 6) 5% FMG (challenged); 7) Inovocox (IC) (challenged) and 8) Coccivac-B (CB) (challenged). Broilers were challenged with a mixture of E. acervelina, E. maxma and E. tenella at 28 days of age. Fecal oocyst egg count, mortality and whole blood differentials were measured. The Eimeria counts 1 week post challenge were significantly higher for all challenged chickens (trts 5-8) as compared to unchallenged (trts 1-4). Oocyst counts at day 49 of challenged but unprotected chickens (trt 5) was significantly (p>0.05) greater and showed a higher percentage of mortality when compared to challenged treated groups (trt 6-8). Treatment 6 (5% FMG) led to a reduction in fecal oocyst counts and protected against mortality at rates comparable to the vaccine control methods. Additionally, there were comparable increases in macrophages, heterophils and lymphocytes in the 5% FMG and vaccine groups. The results from this study strongly suggest that a diet supplemented with 5% FMG can be used as an alternative to other coccidiosis control methods in reducing Eimeria oocyst numbers during grow out.
How to cite this article
W. L. Willis, O. S. Isikhuemhen, R. C. Minor, S. Hurley and E. I. Ohimain, 2010. Comparing the Feeding of Fungus Myceliated Grain with Other Anticoccidial Control Measures on Oocyst Excretion of Eimeria Challenged Broilers. International Journal of Poultry Science, 9: 648-651.
REFERENCES
Bal, Ad., 2009. In ovo vaccination against coccidiosis. World Poult., Vol. 25, No. 3.
Borchers, A.T., C.L. Keen and M.E. Gershwin, 2004. Mushrooms, tumors and immunity: An update. Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood), 229: 393-406.
PubMed Direct Link
Dalloul, R.A., H.S. Lillehoj, J.S. Lee, S.H. Lee and K.S. Chung, 2006. Immunopotentiating effect of a Fomitella fraxinea-derived lectin on chicken immunity and resistance to coccidiosis. Poult. Sci., 85: 446-451.
Direct Link
Guo, F.C., R.P. Kwakkel, B.A. Williams, H.K. Parmentier, W.K. Li, Z.Q. Yang and M.W.A. Verstegen, 2004. Effects of musrhoom and herb polysaccharides on cellular and humoral immune responses of Eimeria tenella-infected chickens. Poult. Sci., 83: 1124-1132.
PubMed Direct Link
He, H., M.B. Farnell and M.H. Kogut, 2003. Inflammatory aganis stimulation and signal pathway of oxidative burst in neonatal chicken heterophils. Comp. Bio. Chem. Physiol. A. Mol. Integr. Physiol., 135: 177-184.
Hodgson, J.N., 1970. Coccidiosis: Oocyst-counting technique for coccidiostat evaluation. Exp. Parasitol., 28: 99-102.
CrossRef
Kogut, M.H., M. Iqbal, H. He, V. Philbin, P. Kaiser and A. Smith, 2005. Expression and function of toll-like receptors in chicken heterophils. Dev. Comp. Immunol., 29: 791-807.
CrossRef PubMed Direct Link
Kogut, M.H. and K. Klasing, 2009. An immunologist's perspective on nutrition, immunity and infectious diseases: Introduction and overview. J. Applied Poult. Res., 18: 103-110.
CrossRef Direct Link
Li, C.M., 1998. Chinese Herb Medicine Feed Additives (Chinese). 2nd Rev. Edn., Chinese Agricultural University Press, Beijing
Ogbe, A.O., S.E. Atawodi, P.A. Abdu, A. Sannusi and A.E. Itodo, 2009. Changes in weight gain, faecal oocyst count and packed cell volume of Eimeria tenella-infected broilers treated with a wild mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) aqueous extract. J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc., 80: 97-102.
PubMed Direct Link
Williams, R.B., W.W.H. Carlyle, D.R. Bond and I.A. Brown, 1999. The efficacy and economic benefits of Paracox, a live attenuated anticoccidial vaccine, in commercial trials with standard broiler chickens in the United Kingdom. Int. J. Parasitol., 29: 341-355.
PubMed Direct Link
Willis, W.L., O.S. Isikhuemhen, J.W. Allen, A. Byers, K. King and C. Thomas, 2009. Utilizing fungus myceliated grain for molt induction and performance in commercial laying hens. Poult. Sci., 88: 2026-2032.
Direct Link
Willis, W.L., O.S. Isikhuemhen, S. Ibrahim, K. King, R. Minor and E.I. Ohimain, 2010. Effect of dietary fungus myceliated gain on broiler performance and enteric colonization with Bifidobacteria and Salmonella. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 9: 48-52.
© Science Alert. All Rights Reserved