HOME JOURNALS CONTACT

International Journal of Poultry Science

Year: 2009 | Volume: 8 | Issue: 11 | Page No.: 1028-1033
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2009.1028.1033
Effect of Light Intensity and Handling During Rearing on Broiler Breast Meat Characteristics
N. A. McKee, R. J. Lien, J. B. Hess, S. F. Bilgili and S. R. McKee

Abstract: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of light intensity and handling during rearing on broiler and meat quality factors. Male broilers were housed in light-tight rooms and subjected to Bright (BL) [15.0 Foot-Candles (FC)] or Dim (DL) (0.1 FC) intensity. To determine effects of handling on meat quality, birds were further divided into 3 handling groups either handling by Legs (L) or Wings (W), or No Handling (NoH). After processing and chilling at 51 d of age, breast filets were deboned at 2 h and 4 h PM and filet weights, filet dimensions (length, width, height and area), sarcomere length, cook-loss and tenderness were evaluated. Birds subjected to DL had greater live weights (p<0.05), post-chill weights and filet weights compared to birds reared in BL. The increase in filet weights observed for in DL was due to an increase in filet length and area. Light or handling treatments had no affect on DPM and other carcass defects. Cook-loss had no specific trend. Filets deboned at 2 h PM had higher shear values than those deboned at 4 h PM, regardless of light or handling. Within the 2 h PM deboning period, DL resulted in an increase in shear values, as well as sarcomere length, compared to BL treatments. This trend was not observed in the filets deboned at 4 h PM. In conclusion, dim light treatment resulted in longer, heavier filets but slightly tougher meat when filets were deboned at 2 h PM.

Fulltext PDF

How to cite this article
N. A. McKee, R. J. Lien, J. B. Hess, S. F. Bilgili and S. R. McKee, 2009. Effect of Light Intensity and Handling During Rearing on Broiler Breast Meat Characteristics. International Journal of Poultry Science, 8: 1028-1033.

Keywords: Light intensity, handling, filet dimensions, tenderness and meat quality

REFERENCES

  • Acar, N., E.T. Moran and D.R. Mulvaney, 1993. Breast muscle development of commercial broilers from hatching to twelve weeks of age. Poult. Sci., 73: 317-325.


  • Beane, W.L., P.B. Siegel and H.S. Siegel, 1962. The effect of light on body weight and feed conversion of broilers. Poult. Sci., 41: 1350-1351.


  • Charles, R.G., F.E. Robinson, R.T. Hardin, M.W. Yu, J. Feddes and H.L. Classen, 1992. Growth, body composition and plasma androgen concentration of male broiler chickens subjected to different regimens of photoperiod and light intensity. Poult. Sci., 71: 1595-1605.
    PubMed    Direct Link    


  • Cherry, J.A., W.L. Beane and W.D. Weaver Jr., 1980. Continuous versus intermittent photoperiod under low intensity illumination. Poult. Sci., 59: 1550-1551.


  • Childs, R.E., A.D. Shackelford and R.P. Martin, 1969. Bruises on broilers prior to handling by catching crews. Poult. Sci., 48: 1795-1796.


  • Cross, H.R., R.L. West and T.R. Dutson, 1981. Comparisons of methods for measuring sarcomere length in beef Semitendinosus muscle. Meat Sci., 5: 261-266.
    CrossRef    


  • Dawson, P.L., D.M. Janky, M.G. Dukes, L.D. Thompson and S.A. Woodward, 1987. Effect of post-mortem boning time during stimulated commercial processing on the tenderness of broiler breast meat. Poult. Sci., 66: 1331-1333.


  • Deaton, J.W. and F.N. Reece, 1970. Temperature and light and broiler growth. Poult. Sci., 49: 44-46.


  • Deaton, J.W., F.N. Reece, L.F. Kubena and J.D. May, 1976. Effect of varying light intensity on broiler performance. Poult. Sci., 55: 515-519.
    Direct Link    


  • Deaton, J.W., F.N. Reece and J.L. McNaughton, 1978. Effect of intermittent light on broilers reared under moderate temperature conditions. Poult. Sci., 57: 785-788.


  • Deaton, J.W., F.N. Reece and J.L. McNaughton, 1980. Effect of differing intermittent lighting regimes on broiler feed conversion. Poult. Sci., 59: 1342-1344.


  • Halvorson, D.B. and M. Jacobson, 1970. Variations in development of muscles in chickens. Poult. Sci., 49: 132-136.
    Direct Link    


  • Hamm, D., 1981. Unconventional meat harvesting. Poult. Sci., 60: 1666-1666.


  • Hamdy, M.K., K.N. May, W.P. Flanagan and J.J. Powers, 1961. Determination of the age of bruises in chicken broilers. Poult. Sci., 40: 787-789.


  • Havenstein, G.B., P.R. Ferket and M.A. Qureshi, 2003. Carcass composition and yield of 1957 versus 2001 broilers when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets. Poult. Sci., 82: 1509-1518.
    CrossRef    PubMed    Direct Link    


  • Hewel, J., 1986. What to do before meat hits your boning line? Broiler Ind., 49: 124-128.


  • Huxley, H. and J. Hanson, 1954. Changes in the cross striations of muscle during contraction and stretch and their structural interpretation. Nature, 173: 973-976.
    Direct Link    


  • Iwawoto, H., Y. Hara, T. Gotoh, Y. Ono and H. Takahara, 1993. Different growth rates of male chicken skeletal muscles related to their histochemical properties. Br. Poult. Sci., 34: 925-938.
    Direct Link    


  • Kiessling, K.H., 1977. Structure and function of pectoralis major in the broiler chicken during growth. Swedish J. Agric. Res., 7: 115-119.


  • Lawrie, R.A., 1991. Meat Science. Pergamon Press, New York, pp: 11-18


  • Lehninger, A.L., D.L. Nelson and M.M. Cox, 1993. Intergration and Hormonal Regulation of Mammalian Metabolism. Worth Publishers, New York, pp: 736-787


  • Lien, R.J., J.B. Hess, K.M. Downs, S.F. Bilgili and W.A. Dozier, 2003. Influence of lighting program, light intensity and feed energy level on live performance, carcass fat and fats yields of female broilers. Poult. Sci., 82: 20-20.


  • Liu, Y., B.G. Lyon, W.R. Wyndham, C.E. Lyon and E.M. Savage, 2004. Principal component analysis of physical, color and sensory characteristics of chicken breasts deboned at two, four, six and twenty-four hours postmortem. Poult. Sci., 83: 101-108.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Lowe, B., 1948. Factors affecting the palatability of poultry with emphasis on histological post-mortem changes. Adv. Food Res., 1: 232-256.


  • Lyon, C.E., D. Hamm and J.E. Thomson, 1985. pH and tenderness of broiler breast meat deboned various times after chilling. Poult. Sci., 64: 307-310.
    CrossRef    


  • Lyon, C.E. and B.G. Lyon, 1990. The relationship of objective shear values and sensory tests to changes in tenderness of broiler breast meat. Poult. Sci., 69: 1420-1427.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • McKee, S.R. and A.R. Sams, 1998. Rigor mortis development at elevated temperatures induces pale exudative turkey meat characteristics. Poult. Sci., 77: 169-174.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Newberry, R.C., J.R. Hunt and E.E. Gardiner, 1988. Influence of light intensity on behavior and performance of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 67: 1020-1025.
    CrossRef    PubMed    Direct Link    


  • Northcutt, J.K., R.J. Buhr, L.L. Young, C.E. Lyon and G.O. Ware, 2001. Influence of age and postchill carcass aging duration on chicken breast fillet quality. Poult. Sci., 80: 808-812.
    CrossRef    PubMed    Direct Link    


  • Pearson, A.M., 1994. Introduction to Quality Attributes and their Measurement in Meat, Poultry and Fish Products. In: Quality Attributes and their Measurement in Meat, Poultry and Fish Products, Pearson, A.M. and T.R. Dutson (Eds.). Balckie Academic and Professional, Glasgow, UK., pp: 1-17


  • Proudfoot, F.G. and A.E. Sefton, 1978. Feed texture and light treatment effects on the performance of chicken broilers. Poult. Sci., 57: 408-416.


  • Ringrose, A.T., 1953. Bruised poultry challenges processor`s profits. Am. Egg Poult. Rev., 3: 36-39.


  • Roy, B.C., I. Oshima, H. Miyachi, N. Shiba, S. Nishimura, S. Tabata and H. Iwawoto, 2006. Effects of nutritional level on muscle development, histochemical properties of myofibre and collagen architecture in the Pectoralis muscle of male broilers. Br. Poult. Sci., 47: 433-442.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Sams, A.R. and D.M. Janky, 1986. The influence of brine chilling on tenderness of hot-boned, chill-boned and age-boned broiler breast filets. Poult. Sci., 65: 1316-1321.


  • Sams, A.R., D.M. Janky and M.G. Dukes, 1992. Research note: Anatomical location of application influences the tenderizing effectiveness of electrical stimulation of broiler carcasses. Poult. Sci., 71: 1564-1567.


  • SAS Institute, 1999. SAS/STAT Guide for Personal Computers. Version 8.0, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, New Jersey, USA


  • Scott, G.B., 1994. Catching and handling of broiler chickens. Proc. Eur. Poult. Conf., 2: 411-414.


  • Skoglund, W.C. and D.H. Palmer, 1962. Light intensity studies with broilers. Poult. Sci., 41: 1839-1842.
    CrossRef    


  • Shutze, J.V., L.S. Jensen, W.E. Matson and J.S. Carver, 1960. The influence of various lighting regimes on the performance of broiler chickens. Wash. Agric. Exp. Station Technol. Bull., 36: 98-199.


  • Smith, D.P. and D.L. Fletcher, 1992. Duckling and chicken processing yields and breast meat tenderness. Poult. Sci., 71: 197-202.
    CrossRef    Direct Link    


  • Stewart, M.K., D.L. Fletcher, D. Hamm and J.E. Thomson, 1984. The influence of hot-boning broiler breast muscle on pH decline and toughening. Poult. Sci., 63: 1935-1939.


  • Taylor, M.H. and N.V.L. Helbacka, 1968. Field studies of bruised poultry. Poult. Sci., 48: 1166-1169.

  • © Science Alert. All Rights Reserved