Submit Manuscript

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition

Year: 2011 | Volume: 10 | Issue: 3 | Page No.: 274-281
Facebook Twitter Digg Reddit Linkedin StumbleUpon E-mail
Research Article

The Effect of Crude Oil Spill on the Ascorbic Acid Content of Some Selected Vegetable Species: Spinacea oleraceae, Solanum melongena and Talinum triangulare in an Oil Polluted Soil

Nwaoguikpe Reginald Nwazue

ABSTRACT

The research work focused on the effect of oil spill on some certain soil physicochemical parameters and the concentrations of vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) of three leafy vegetable species at pre and post pollution periods. The vegetable species involved in the study included: Spinacea oleraceae (Spinach), Solanum melongena (Eggplant) and Talinum triangulare (Water leaf) in an oil polluted soil. The ascorbic acid contents of the species pre and post pollution periods expressed in mg/100 g of samples were as follows: Spinacea oleraceae, 1057.1±0.1 and 635.8±0.2; Solanum melongena, 880.0±0.0 and 712.8±0.1 while the values for Talinum triangulare were 550.0±0.0 and 350.0±0.0 respectively. The physicochemical parameters of the polluted and unpolluted soils were also determined and result indicated that pH (4.4-5.3), moisture content (4.23±0.2-7.99±0.1%), bulk density (1.28±0.1-1.36±0.2 g/cm3), particle density (2.05±0.1-2.35±0.1 g/cm3) and porosity (37.56±0.0-42.49±0.1) were higher in unpolluted than in polluted soil, while sodium (Na, 94.1403±0.01-31.5517±0.01 mg/L), potassium (K, 188.0226±0.0-74.1663±0.01 mg/L), organic carbon content (1.93515-1.21695%) and percent organic matter (3.34587±0.0-2.10410±0.01), growth rate of the different vegetable species: Spinach olereceae (0.24±0.02-0.12±0.0), Solanum melongena (0.30±0.1-0.15±0.0), Talinum triangulare (0.29±0.11-0.12±0.2) and plant biomass were highly decreased. Students t-test at 95% confidence level or at 5% level of significance (p<0.05), showed significant difference between the ascorbic acid concentrations of the test samples before and after pollution periods. Results from the study indicated that oil pollution affected the growth rate, the vitamin C content of the vegetables, the nutrient content, the chemical composition of plants and the physicochemical parameters of the soil.
PDF References Citation

Search

REFERENCES

  1. Akindahunsi, A.A. and S.O. Salawu, 2005. Phytochemical screening and nutrient-antinutrient composition of selected tropical green leafy vegetables. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 4: 497-501.
    Direct Link
  2. Akonye, L.A. and B. Nwauzoma, 2003. Growth Measurement in Plants. In: Research Techniques in Biological and Chemical Sciences, Onyeike, E.N. and J.O. Osuji, (Eds.). 1st Edn., Springfield Publishers, Owerri, pp: 147-154.
  3. Amadi, B.A., E.U. Agomuo and C.O. Ibegbulam, 2004. Research Methods in Biochemistry. Supreme publishers Owerri, Nigeria, pp: 120-134.
  4. Amakiri, J.O. and F.A. Onofeghara, 1983. Effect of crude oil pollution on the growth of Zea mays, Abelmoschus esculentus and Capsicum frutescens. Oil Petrochem. Pollut., 1: 199-205.
    CrossRef
  5. Anoliefo, G.O. and B.O. Edegbai, 2001. Effect of crude oil as a soil contaminant on the growth of two egg plant species: Solanum melongena L. and Solanum incanum species. J. Agric., For. Fish., 1: 1-25.
  6. Anoliefo, G.O., Vwioko, D.E. and P. Mpamah, 2003. Regeneration of Chromolaena odoranta (L) Ka K in Crude oil polluted soil. A possible phytoremediating agent. Benin Sci. Digest, 1: 9-14.
  7. Bremmer, B. and P. Tabalabai, 1973. Effect of some inorganic substances of T.T.C. Assay of dehydrogenase activity in soil biology. Biochemistry, 5: 385-386.
  8. Bossert, I. and R. Bartha, 1984. The Fate of Petroleum in Soil Ecosystem. In: Petrol Microbiol, Atlas, R.M. (Ed.). Macmillian Publishers Ltd., New York, pp: 435-479.
  9. Cook, F.D. and D.W. Westlake, 1977. Microbial degradation of Northern crude oil. Environmental social program, Northern pipelines taskforce report, Otawa, Canada, pp: 1-74.
  10. Edwin-Wosu, N.L. and P.D.S. Kinako, 2004. Biomass loss as an index of pollution in various gradients of a crude oil polluted terrestrial environment. Global J. Pure Applied Sci., 10: 623-625.
  11. Gill, L.S., H.G.K. Nyauwuame and A.O. Ehikkiametalor, 1992. Effect of crude oil on the growth and anatomical features of Chromolaena odorata (L.). Chromolaena Odoranta Newslett., 6: 1-6.
  12. Kochlar, S.L., 1981. Tropical Crops. A Textbook of Economic Botany. Macmillan publishers, India, Ltd., pp: 143-146.
  13. Lambert, S. and T.A. Muir, 1974. Estimation of Vitamin C. In Practical Chemistry. 3rd Edn., Heinneman Educational Books, London, pp: 447-448.
  14. Cook, A.M., 2006. Vitamins and Trace Elements. In Clinical Chemistry and Metabolic Medicine. 7th Edn., Rib, BackPower, pp: 229-230.
  15. McCown, B.H., F.J. Deneke, W.E. Richard and L.I. Tieszen, 1972. The response of Alaskan terrestrial plant communities to the presence of petroleum. Proceedings of the 23rd AAAS Alaskan Science Conference Symposium on the Impact of Oil Research Development on Northern Plant Communities, Aug. 17, Fairbanks, Alaska, Occas., pp: 34-43.
  16. Njoku, P.C., 2004. System Approach to Petroleum Energy Process Engineering and Environment in Nigeria. Osprey publishers, Owerri, pp: 20-55.
  17. Nwinuka, N.N., B.E. Essien and C.L. Osuji, 2003. Soil Analysis. In: Research Techniques in Biological and Chemical Sciences, Onyeike, E.N. and J.O. Osuji (Eds.). 1st Edn., Springfield Publishers Ltd, Owerri, pp: 369-402.
  18. Nwaoguikpe, R.N., G.I. Ekeke and A.A. Uwakwe, 1999. The effects of extracts of some foodstuffs on Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and Hemoglobin Polymerization of sickle cell blood. Ph.D Thesis, University of PortHarcourt, Nigeria.
  19. Obidike, D.I., 1985. Oil spill and contingency planning. Proceeding International Seminar Petroleum Industries and the Nigerian Environment, pp: 145-156.
  20. Odu, C.T.I., 1977. Oil pollution and environment. Bull. Sci. Assoc. Niger., 3: 23-29.
  21. Odu, C.T.I., 1981. Dehydration and weathering of crude oil under tropical conditions. In Petroleum Industry and Nigerian Environment. Proceedings of International Seminar, NNPC, Warri, Nigeria; pp: 164-170.
  22. Odjegba, V.J. and A.O. Sadiq, 2002. Effects of spent engine oil on the growth parameters, chlorophyll and protein levels of Amaranthus hybridus L. Environmentalist, 22: 23-28.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  23. Okereke, C.D., 2006. Environmental Pollution Control. 1st Edn., Barloz Publishers Inc. Benin, Nigeria, pp: 328-333.
  24. Omosun, G., A.A. Markson and O. Mbanasor, 2008. Growth and anatomy of Amaranthus hybridus as affected by different crude oil concentrations. Am.-Eurasian J. Scient. Res., 32: 70-74.
    Direct Link
  25. Rowell, M.J., 1977. The Effect Bof Crude Oil Spills on Soils. In: The Reclamation of Agricultural Soils After Oil Spills, Toogood, J.A. (Ed.). University of Alberta, Edmonton, pp: 1-33.
  26. Spedding, C.R.W., 1981. Vegetable Productivity. Macmillan Publishers, London and Basingstoke, pp: 9-81.
  27. Taylor, O.C., 1983. The nutrient composition and nutritive values of leaf protein concentrate from Solanaceous vegetables. Acta Hortic., 123: 70-77.
  28. Maynard, A.A., 1983. Vegetables in the Tropics. Macmillan Publishers Limited, London, UK., ISBN-13: 9780333242667, Pages: 533.
  29. Udo, E.J. and A.A.A. Fayemi, 1975. The effect of oil pollution of soil on germination, growth and nutrient uptake of corn. J. Environ. Qual., 4: 537-540.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  30. Vasudevan, D.M. and S. Sreekumari, 2007. Water-Soluble Vitamins in Textbook of Biochemistry for Medical Students. 5th Edn., Jeepee brothers, India, pp: 309-312.
  31. West, C., G.E. Brigg and F. Kidd, 1920. Methods and significant relations in quantitative analysis of plant growth. New Phytol., 19: 200-207.
    CrossRef
  32. Weishmann, J., 1987. Vegetable Crops. Science Institute of Technical University, Munich, pp: 250-270.

Search

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *