Shazia Mannan
Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal, Pakistan
Muhammad Aslam Shad
Department of Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Asia Perveen
Department of Chemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
Cottonseed is a good source of high quality meal and edible oil. However, it contains a toxic phenolic compound called gossypol. Gossypol is an anti-nutritious factor that limits the use of cottonseed and its products due to its toxicity associated to its reactions with amino acids and minerals. This is the first study on gossypol ever conducted in Pakistan. The purpose of this study was to estimate the level of gossypol in oil and ghee (Hydrogenated oil) samples from local markets so that awareness can be created regarding maintenance of minimum gossypol level in edible oils. During this study gossypol was extracted from cottonseeds and cotton seed cake using different organic solvents. The compound was detected in extracts by applying Chromatographic technique as well as chemical tests with SbCl3, Pb(CH3COO)2 and SnCl3. Spectrophotometric techniques were also employed for quantitative analysis by measuring absorbance of samples at wavelength of 290 nm. It was found that overall the contents of gossypol were higher in cottonseed oils as compared to Ghee (hydrogenated oil).
PDF References
How to cite this article
Shazia Mannan, Muhammad Aslam Shad and Asia Perveen, 2010. Detection of a Toxic Phenolic Compound in Cottonseed Extract and its Products. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 9: 994-997.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2010.994.997
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2010.994.997
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2010.994.997
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2010.994.997
REFERENCES
- Blackstaffe, L., M.D. Shelley and R.G. Fish, 1997. Cytotoxicity of gossypol enantiomers and its quinone metabolite gossypolone in melanoma cell lines. Melanoma Res., 7: 364-372.
PubMed - Botsoglou, N.A., 1991. Determination of free gossypol in cottonseed and cottonseed meals by second-derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry. J. Agric. Food Chem., 39: 478-482.
CrossRef - Cherry, J.P. and M.S. Gray, 1981. Methylene chloride extraction of gossypol from cottonseed products. J. Food Sci., 46: 1726-1733.
CrossRef - Hron, R.J., S.P. Koltun, J. Pominski and G. Abraham, 1987. The potential commercial aspects of gossypol. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 64: 1315-1319.
CrossRef - Scheffler, J.A. and G.B. Romano, 2008. Modifying gossypol in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.): A cost effective method for small seed samples. J. Cotton Sci., 12: 202-209.
Direct Link - Wolter, K.G., S.J. Wang, B.S. Henson, S. Wang and K.A. Griffith et al., 2006. Gossypol inhibits growth and promotes apoptosis of human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vivo. Neoplasia, 8: 163-172.
Direct Link - Nazarova, I.P. and A.I. Glushenkova, 1983. Quantitative estimation of gossypurpurin in the isolation of gossypol. Chem. Nat. Compounds, 19: 679-681.
CrossRef - Van Poznak, C., A.D. Seidman, M.M. Reidenberg, M.M. Moasser and N. Sklarin et al., 2001. Oral gossypol in the treatment of patients with refractory metastatic breast cancer: A clinical trial. Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 66: 239-248.
PubMed - Sharma, S., M. Kumar, R.B. Goyal, B. Manivannan and N.K. Lohiya, 1999. Reversible antispermatogenic effect of gossypol in langur monkeys (Presbytis entellus). Adv. Contracept., 15: 15-27.
PubMed - Stephens, D.T., L.M. Critchlow and D.D. Hoskina, 1983. Mechanism of inhibition by gossypol of glycolysis and motility of monkey spermatozoa in vitro. J. Reprod. Fertil., 69: 447-452.
PubMedDirect Link - Wang, X., J. Wang, S.C. Wong, L.S. Chow and J.M. Nicholls et al., 2000. Cytotoxic effect of gossypol on colon carcinoma cells. Life Sci., 67: 2663-2671.
PubMed