Submit Manuscript

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2001 | Volume: 4 | Issue: 11 | Page No.: 1353-1355
Facebook Twitter Digg Reddit Linkedin StumbleUpon E-mail
Research Article

Diadegma semiclausum as a Possible Factor for the Horizontal Transmission of Microsporidial Disease of Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella L.

Idris A. B., B. A. H. Zainal-Abidin, I. Noraini and A. K. Hussan

ABSTRACT

A study was conducted to test the hypothesis that Diadegma semiclausum is one of the factors involved in horizontal transmission of the microsporidial disease of the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella L. Results showed that 41% of the larvae exposed to presumably microsporidia contaminated the adult D. semiclausum died before pupation, and all of the dead larvae were observed to have abundant microsporidia spores. None of the DBM larvae in the control treatment died before pupation. The microsporidia spores were detected on the body of the parasitoid adults (D. semiclausum) of both sexes, indicating that the parasitoid get contaminated with spores during eclosion or host finding bout. The spores were also detected within parasitoid`s body (abdomen) of both sexes, and within the sex organ of the adult parasitoid female. This suggests that parasitoid is infected with the disease during immature stages. The presence of spores within female sex organ (plus ovipositor) could explain why many larvae died before pupation as the parasitoid oviposition (parasitism) behaviour indirectly transmit the disease spore to the host (DBM) larvae.
PDF References Citation

Search

REFERENCES

  1. Allen, H.W. and M.H. Brunson, 1945. A microsporidian in Macrocentrus ancylivorus. J. Econ. Entomol., 38: 393-394.
  2. Biever, K.D., R.L. Chauvin, G.L. Reed and R.C. Wilson, 1992. Seasonal occurrence and abundance of lepidopterous pests and associated parasitoids on collards in the Northwestern United States. J. Entomol. Sci., 27: 5-18.
    Direct Link
  3. Bolter, C.J. and J.E. Laing, 1983. Competition between Diadegma insulare (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Microplitis plutellae (Muesbeck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostellae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Proc. Entmol. Soc. Int., 114: 1-10.
  4. Canning, E.U., A. Curry, S. Cheney and N.J. Lafranchi-Tristem, 1999. Vairimorpha imperfecta c. sp., a microsporidian exhibiting an abortive octosporous sporogony in Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Parasitology, 119: 271-286.
  5. Chapman, G.B. and M.E. Hooker, 1992. A light and electron microscopic investigation of the occurrence of Nosema sp. (Microsporidial Nosematidae) in the abdomen of the parasitic wasp Pediobius foveolatus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc., 111: 314-326.
  6. Cassentine, J.E. and L.C. Lewis, 1987. Development of Macrocentrus grandii Goidanich within microsporidian-infected Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner) host larvae. Can. J. Zool., 65: 2532-2535.
  7. Fuxa, J.R. and Y. Tanada, 1987. Epizootiology of Insect Diseases. John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp: 555.
  8. Geden, C.J., S. Long, D.A. Rutz and J.J. Becnel, 1995. Nosema disease of the parasitoid Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Prevalence, patterns of transmission, management and impact. Biol. Control, 5: 607-614.
    CrossRef
  9. Idris, A.B. and E. Grafius, 1993. Field studies on the effect of pesticides on the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) and parasitism by Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). J. Econ. Entomol., 86: 1196-1202.
  10. Idris, A.B., B.A.H. Zainal-Abidin and A.M. Norhayati, 1997. Detection of Nosema Bombycis (Naegeli) in diamondback moth using Giemsa stain. Malaysian Applied Biol., 26: 105-107.
  11. Idris, A.B. and E. Grafius, 1999. Sources of possible inoculum for horizontal transmission of Nosema bombycis in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). Sains Malaysiana, 28: 39-47.
    Direct Link
  12. Idris, A.B. and A.S. Sajap, 2001. Prevalence of Nosema bombycis infecting diamondback moth in the field. J. Plant Prot. in the Tropic. In review.
  13. Orr, D.B., L. C.Lewis and J.J. Obrycki, 1994. Behaviour and survival in corn plants of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae when infected with Nosemci pyrausta (Microspora: Nosematidae) and Parasitized by Macroscentruss grandii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Environ. Entomol., 23: 1020-1024.
  14. Orr, D.B., L.C. Lewis and J.J. Obrycki, 1994. Modification of host behavior over three trophic levels by the entomopathogen Nosema pyrausta (Microsporidia: Mosematidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 87: 440-447.
  15. Sajap, A.S. and L.C. Lewis, 1988. Effect of the Microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Microsporidia: Nosematidae) on the Egg Parasitoid, Trichorgramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). J. Invertb. Pathol., 52: 294-300.
  16. Siegel, J.P., J.V. Maddox and W.G. Ruesink, 1987. Impact of Nosema pyrausta on a Braconid, Macrocentrus grandii, in Central Illinois. J. Invertebr. Pathol., 47: 271-276.
  17. Zchori-Fein, E., C.J. Geden and D.A. Rutz, 1992. Microsporidioses of Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) and other Pteromalid parasitoids in mucoid flies. J. Ivert. Pathol., 60: 292-298.
  18. Harcourt, D.G., 1986. Population dynamics of the diamondback moth in Southern Ontario. Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Diamondback Moth Management, March 11-15, 1986, Tainan, Taiwan, pp: 3-15.
  19. Sastrosiswojo, S. and S. Sastrodiharjo, 1986. Status of biological control of diamondback moth by introduction of parasitoid Diadegma eucerophaga in Indonesia. Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop, March 11-15, Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Shanhua, Taiwan, pp: 185-194.
  20. Ooi, P.A.C., 1992. Role of parasitoids in managing diamondback moth in the Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Diamondback Moth and other Crucifer Pests, December 10-14, 1990, Tainan, Taiwan, pp: 255-262.

Search

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *