Submit Manuscript

Journal of Biological Sciences

Year: 2008 | Volume: 8 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 1-12
Facebook Twitter Digg Reddit Linkedin StumbleUpon E-mail
Research Article

A Review on Indian Sarsaparilla, Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.

Anoop Austin

ABSTRACT

Medicinal plants are being widely used, either as single drug or in combination in health care delivery system. Indian Sarsaparilla, Hemidesmus indicus (Family: Asclepiadaceae) is a commonly known Indian Medicinal Plant, which is widely recognized in traditional systems of Medicine. It contains various phytoconstituents belonging to the category glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, sterols and volatile oils. It has been reported as useful in biliousness, blood diseases, dysentery, diarrhoea, respiratory disorders, skin diseases, syphilis, fever, leprosy, leucoderma, leucorrhoea, itching, bronchitis, asthma, eye diseases, epileptic fits in children, kidney and urinary disorders, loss of appetite, burning sensation, dyspepsia, nutritional disorders, ulcer and rheumatism. Several studies are being carried towards its activities like analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and helicobactericidal properties. Further, it also protects radiation-induced DNA damage. With all these potential benefits, this plant is not widely utilized. Hence this review was carried out to explore the hidden potential and its uses, towards the benefit of mankind.
PDF References Citation

Search

REFERENCES

  1. Azam, A., A.R. Raveendran and R. Dube, 1996. Formulation and evaluation of polyherbal hair care powders. Ancient Sci. Life, 16: 15-20.
    PubMed
  2. Ahmad, I. and F. Aqil, 2006. In vitro efficacy of bioactive extracts of 15 medicinal plants against ES L-producing multidrug-resistant enteric bacteria. Microbiol. Res.
  3. Alam, M.I., B. Auddy and A. Gomes, 1994. Isolation, purification and partial characterization of viper venom inhibiting factor from the root extract of the Indian medicinal plant sarsaparilla (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.). Toxicon, 32: 1551-1557.
    PubMed
  4. Alam, M.I., B. Auddy and A. Gomes, 1996. Viper venom neutralization by Indian medicinal plant (Hemidesmus indicus and Pluchea indica) root extracts. Phytother. Res., 10: 58-61.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  5. Alam, M.I. and A. Gomes, 1998. Viper venom-induced inflammation and inhibition of free radical formation by pure compound (2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid) isolated and purified from anantamul (Hemidesmus indicus R. BR) root extract. Toxicon, 36: 207-215.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  6. Alam, M.I. and A. Gomes, 1998. Adjuvant effects and antiserum action potentiation by a (herbal) compound 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzoic acid isolated from the root extract of the Indian medicinal plant 'sarsaparilla' (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.). Toxicon, 36: 1423-1431.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  7. Ali, M.A., M. Mikage, F. Kiuchi, Y. Tsuda and L. Kondo, 1991. Screening of crude drugs used in Bangladesh for nematodical activity on the larva of Toxocara canis. Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 45: 206-214.
  8. Anonymous, 1989. The Useful Plants of India. CSIR, New Delhi, India.
  9. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, 1996. Indian Pharmacopoeia. 2nd Edn., Controller of Publications, New Delhi.
    Direct Link
  10. Anonymous, 1997. The Wealth of India. Raw materials. CSIR, New Delhi, India.
  11. Anonymous, 2003. British Pharmacopoeia. British Pharmacopoeia Commission, Market Towers, London.
  12. Anoop, A. and M. Jegadeesan, 2002. Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens R.Br. Anc. Sci. Life, 12: 34-41.
    PubMedDirect Link
  13. Anoop, A., M. Jegadeesan and G. Shanthi, 2002. Pharmacognostical studies on roots of varieties of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. J. Swamy Bot. Club., 19: 37-43.
  14. Anoop, A. and M. Jegadeesan, 2003. Toxicological studies on Hemidesmus indicus var. indicus R. Br. Hamdard Medicus, 46: 91-96.
    Direct Link
  15. Anoop, A. and M. Jegadeesan, 2003. Influence of seasonal changes in the toxicity of Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens R. Br. Convergence, 5: 56-63.
  16. Anoop, A and M. Jegadeesan, 2003. Biochemical studies on the anti-ulcerogenic potential of Hemidesmus indicus R.Br. var. indicus. J. Ethnopharmacol., 84: 149-156.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  17. Anoop, A. and M. Jegadeesan, 2003. Anti-ulcer potential of Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens R. Br. Hamdard Medicus, 46: 62-69.
    Direct Link
  18. Anoop, A., M. Jegadeesan and R. Gowrishankar, 2003. A study on Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens R. Br. against Helicobacter pylori. Ind. J. Applied Pure Biol. Z., 18: 107-110.
  19. Austin, A., M. Jegadeesan and R. Gowrishankar, 2003. Antimicrobial activity of Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens R. Br. against human isolates of Helicobacter pylori. Nat. Prod. Sci., 9: 1-3.
  20. Aravindakshan, N.G. and N. Ramiah, 1982. Physiochemical methods of identification and estimation of substitutes/adulterants in the single drug mixture and finished product. J. Sci. Res. Plant Med., 3: 57-60.
  21. Arseculeratne, S.N., A.A.L. Gunatilaka and R.G. Panabokke, 1985. Studies on medicinal plants of Sri Lanka. Part 14: Toxicity of some traditional medicinal herbs. J. Ethnopharmacol., 13: 323-335.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  22. Atal, C.K., M.L. Sharma, A. Kaul and A. Khajuria, 1986. Immunomodulating agents of plant origin. I: Preliminary screening. J. Ethnopharmacol., 18: 133-141.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  23. Baheti, J.R., R.K. Goyal and G.B. Shah, 2006. Hepatoprotective activity of Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens R. Br. in rats. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 44: 399-402.
  24. Balasubramanian, P. and N.S. Prasad, 1996. Medicinal Plants among the Irulars of Attappady and Boluvampatti Forests in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. In: Ethnobotany in South Asia, Maheswari, J.K. (Ed.). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
  25. Banerjee, D.K. and D.C. Pal, 1996. Plant Used by the Tribals of North India Plains for Hair and Scalp Preparation. In: Ethnobiology in Human Welfare, Jain, S.K. (Ed.). Deep Publications, New Delhi, India.
  26. Bhandary, M.J.M., K.R. Chandrashekar and K.M. Kaveriappa, 1995. Medical ethnobotany of the siddis of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka. Ind. J. Ethnopharmacol., 47: 149-158.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  27. Bopanna, K.N., N. Bhagyalakshmi, S.P. Rathod, R. Balaraman and J. Kannan, 1997. Cell culture derived Hemidesmus indicus in the prevention of hypercholesterolemia in normal and hyperlipidaemic rats. Ind. J. Pharmacol., 29: 105-109.
    Direct Link
  28. Deepak, S., S. Srivastava and A. Khare, 1997. Pregnane glycosides from Hemidesmus indicus. Phytochemistry, 44: 145-151.
    PubMed
  29. Chatterjee, R.C. and B.K. Bhattacharya, 1955. A note on the isolation of -sitosterol fromHemidesmus indicus. J. Ind. Chem. Soc., 32: 485-486.
  30. Chatterjee, I., A.K. Chakravarty and A. Gomes, 2006. Daboia russellii and Naja kaouthia venom neutralization by lupeol acetate isolated from the root extract of Indian sarsaparilla Hemidesmus indicus R.Br. J. Ethnopharmacol., 106: 38-43.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  31. Chopra, R., S.L. Nayar and I.C. Chopra, 1956. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants. 1st Edn., National Institute of Science Communications, New Delhi, India.
  32. Daniel, M., S.D. Sabins and N.V. Mani, 1978. Estimation of tannins in some of the forest resources of Gujarat. Ind. J. For., 1: 223-223.
  33. Das, P.C., P.C. Joshi, S. Mandal, A. Das and A. Chatterjee, 1992. New Coumarino-lignoids from Hemidesmus indicus R.Br. Ind. J. Chem. Sect. B: Org. Chem. Including Med. Chem., 31B: 342-345.
    Direct Link
  34. Das, S., R. Prakash and S.N. Devaraj, 2003. Antidiarrhoeal effects of methanolic root extract of Hemidesmus indicus (Indian sarsaparilla): An in vitro and in vivo study. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 41: 363-366.
    Direct Link
  35. Das, S. and S.N. Devaraj, 2006. Antienterobacterial activity of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. root extract. Phytother Res., 20: 416-421.
    PubMed
  36. Das, S. and S.N. Devaraj, 2006. Glycosides derived from Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. root inhibit adherence of Salmonella typhimurium to host cells: Receptor mimicry. Phytother. Res., 20: 784-793.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  37. Deepak, S., S. Srivastava and A. Khare, 1995. Indicusin-A pregnane diester triglycoside from Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Nat. Prod. Lett., 6: 81-86.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  38. Chandra, R., D. Deepak and A. Khare, 1994. Pregnane glycosides from Hemidesmus indicus. Phytochemistry, 35: 1545-1548.
    Direct Link
  39. Dhar, M.L., M.M. Dhar, B.N. Dhawan, B.N. Mehrotra and C. Ray, 1968. Screening of Indian plants for biological activity: I. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 6: 232-247.
    PubMedDirect Link
  40. Dutta, M.K., T.K. Sen and S. Sikdar, 1982. Some preliminary observations on the anti-inflammatory properties Hemidesmus indicus in rat. Ind. J. Pharmacol., 14: 78-78.
  41. Evans, D.A., S. Rajasekharan and A. Subramoniam, 2004. Enhancement in the absorption of water and electrolytes from rat intestine by Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. root (water extract). Phytother. Res., 18: 511-515.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  42. Girach, R.D., Aminuddi, P.A. Siddiqui and S.A. Khan, 1994. Traditional plant remedies among the Kondh of district Dhenkanal (Orissa). Int. J. Pharmacog., 32: 274-283.
    Direct Link
  43. Giridhar, P., T. Rajasekaran, S. Nagarajan and G.A. Ravishankar, 2004. Production of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde in roots of tissue culture raised and acclimatized plants of Decalepis hamiltonii Wight and Arn. an endangered shrub endemic to Southern India and evaluation of its performance vis-a-vis plants from natural habitat. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 42: 106-110.
  44. Gupta, P.N., 1981. Antileprotic action of an extract from Anantamul. (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br.), Lepr. India, 53: 354-359.
    Direct Link
  45. Gupta, M.M., R.K. Verma and L.N. Misra, 1992. Terpenoids from Hemidesmus indicus. Phytochemistry, 31: 4036-4037.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  46. Gururaj, H.B., P. Giridhar and G.A. Ravishankar, 2004. Efficient clonal propagation method for Decalepis hamiltonii, an endangered shrub, under the influence of phloroglucinol. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 42: 424-428.
    Direct Link
  47. Harish, R., S. Divakar, A. Srivastava and T. Shivanandappa, 2005. Isolation of antioxidant compounds from the methanolic extract of the roots of Decalepis hamiltonii (Wight and Arn.). J. Agric. Food Chem., 53: 7709-7714.
    Direct Link
  48. Iddamaldeniya, S.S., M.I. Thabrew, S.M. Wickramasinghe, N. Ratnatunge and M.G. Thammitiyagodage, 2006. A long-term investigation of the anti-hepatocarcinogenic potential of an indigenous medicine comprised of Nigella sativa, Hemidesmus indicus and Smilax glabra. J. Carcinog., 5: 11-17.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  49. Jain, S.P. and S.C. Singh, 1994. . Ethno-medico-botanical survey of Ambikapur Dist., M.P. 4th International Congress of Ethnobiology. NBRI, Lucknow, U.P., India.
  50. Jain, S.P., 1996. Ethno-Medico-Botanical Survey of Chaibasa, Singhbhum District, Bihar. In: Ethnobotany in South Asia, Maheswari, J.K. (Ed.). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
  51. Jain, A. and E. Basal, 2003. Inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes-induced mediators of inflammation by Indian herbs. Phytomedicine, 10: 34-38.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  52. Jayanthi, M. and V. Patil, 1995. Micropropagation studies of some medicinal plants of Western Ghats. Proceedings of the International Conference on Current Program Med. Aromat. Plant Research, (CPMAPR'95), Calcutta, India, pp: 146-146.
  53. John, D., 1984. One hundred useful raw drugs of the Kani tribes of Trivandrum forest division, Kerala, India. Pharm. Biol., 22: 17-39.
    CrossRef
  54. Karnick, C.R., 1978. Ethnobotanical, pharmacognostical and cultivation studies of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. (India Sarasaparilla). Chem. Abst., 88: 130-130.
  55. Khan, L.A., A.Q. Khan and S.H. Afaq, 1983. A medicinal study of Ushba, (Sarasaparilla, Asclepiadaceae). Nagarjun, pp: 149-151.
  56. Khanna, K.K., V. Mudgi, G. Shukla and P.K. Srivastava, 1996. Unreported Ethnomedicinal Uses of Plants from Mirzapur Dist. U.P. In: Ethnobotany in South Asia, Aheswari, J.K. (Ed.). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
  57. Kirthikar, K.R. and B.D. Basu, 1980. Indian medicinal plants. Vol. 1-4. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India.
  58. Kiuchi, F., M. Hioki, N. Nakamura, N. Miyashita, Y. Tsuda and K. Kondo, 1989. Screening of crude drugs used in Srilanka for nematocidal activity on the larva of Toxocaria canis. Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 43: 288-293.
    Direct Link
  59. Kotnis, M.S., P. Patel, S.N. Menon and R.T. Sane, 2004. Renoprotective effect ofHemidesmus indicus, a herbal drug used in gentamicin-induced renal toxicity. Nephrology (Carlton), 9: 142-152.
    Direct Link
  60. Kulkarni, A.S., 1998. A ray of hope for cancer patients. Proceeding International Seminar on Holistic Management of Cancer, Chennai, India.
  61. Lampronti, I., M.T. Khan, N. Bianchi, A. Ather, M. Borgatti, L. Vizziello, E. Fabbri and R. Gambari, 2005. Bangladeshi medicinal plant extracts inhibiting molecular interactions between nuclear factors and target DNA sequences mimicking NF-kappaB binding sites. Med. Chem., 1: 327-333.
    Direct Link
  62. Malathy, S. and J.S. Pai, 1995. Studies on tissue culture ofHemidesmus indicus, Abst. International Seminar on Recent Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ootacamund, South India.
  63. Malhotra, S.K. and S. Murthy, 1973. Some useful and medicinal plants of Chandrapur district (Maharastra state). Bull. Bot. Surv. Ind., 15: 13-21.
    Direct Link
  64. Mandal, S., P.C. Das, P.C. Joshi, A. Das and A. Chatterjee, 1991. Hemidesmine, a new coumarino lignoid from Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Ind. J. Chem., 30: 712-713.
  65. Mandal, S., 1995. Chemistry of coumarinolignoids, a Rare Class of Plant Products Having Anticancer and Antihepatotoxic Activities. Seminar on Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, CCRAS, New Delhi.
  66. Mary, N.K., C.R. Achuthan, B.H. Babu and J. Padikkala, 2003. In vitro antioxidant and antithrombotic activity of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. J. Ethnopharmacol., 87: 187-191.
    Direct Link
  67. Mary, N.K., B.H. Babu and J. Padikkala, 2003. Antiatherogenic effect of Caps HT2, a herbal Ayurvedic medicine formulation. Phytomedecine, 10: 474-482.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  68. Mukherjee, B., 1953. The Indian Pharmaceutical Codex. Indigenous Drugs. CSIR, New Delhi, India.
  69. Mukherjee, K. and L.N. Ray, 1980. Screening of some Indian plant species. Q. J. Crude Drug Res., 18: 77-82.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  70. Murthi, B.R. and T.R. Seshadri, 1941. A study of the chemical components of the roots of Decalepis hamiltoni, Part III. Comparison with Hemidesmus indicus Indian Sarasaparilla). Proceeding Indian. Acad. Sci., 13: 399-403.
  71. Murugesa Mudhaliar, K.S., 1988. Gunapadam. Tamil Nadu Siddha Medical Board, Chennai, India.
  72. Nadkarni, A.N., 1989. Indian Material Medica. Popular Book Depot, Bombay, India.
  73. Nagarajan, S. and L.J. Rao, 2003. Determination of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde in roots of Decalepis hamiltonii (Wight and Arn.) and Hemidesmus indicus R.Br. J. AOAC Int., 86: 564-567.
    Direct Link
  74. Nagaraju, N. and K.N. Rao, 1990. . A survey of plant crude drugs of Rayalaseema, Andhra Pradesh, India. J. Ethnopharmacol., 29: 137-158.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  75. Namba, T., M. Tsunezuka, D.M.R.R.B. Dissanayake, U. Pilaptiya, K. Saito, N. Kakiuci and M. Hattori, 1985. Studies on dental caries prevention by traditional medicines (Part VII). Screening of Ayurvedic medicines for antiplaque action. Shoyakugaku Zasshi, 39: 146-153.
  76. Naqvi, S.A.H., M.S.Y. Khan and S.B. Vohora, 1991. Antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic investigations on Indian medicinal plants. Fitoterapia, 62: 221-228.
    Direct Link
  77. Nayar, R.C., 1979. A review on the Ayurvedic drug Sariva. J. Res. Ind. Med. Yoga Homoeo., 14: 69-79.
  78. Oberai, K., M.P. Khare and N.L. DuttaOberai, K., M.P. Khare and N.L. Dutta, 1985. A pregnane ester diglycoside from Hemidesmus indicus. Phytochemistry, 24: 2395-2397.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  79. Padhy, S.N., S.B. Mahato and N.L. Dutta, 1973. Asclepiadaceae Terpenoides from the roots ofHemidesmus indicus. Phytochemistry, 12: 217-218.
  80. Patnaik, J. and B.K. Debata, 1996. Micropropagation of Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. through axillary bud culture. Plant Cell Rep., 15: 427-430.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  81. Paul, S.R., 1979. Medicinal plants of Netarhat, Bihar (India). Q. J. Crude Drug Res., 15: 79-97.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  82. Prabakan, M., R. Anandan and T. Devaki, 2000. Protective effect of Hemidesmus indicus against Rifampicin and Isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Fitoterapia, 71: 55-59.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  83. Prakash, K., A. Sethi, D. Deepak, A. Khare and M.P. Khare, 1991. Two pregnane glycosides from Hemidesmus indicus. Phytochemistry, 30: 297-299.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  84. Prasad, S., S.P. Wahi and L.C. Mishra, 1964. Pharmacognostical investigation on Indian Sarasaparilla, its substitutes and adulterants, Part I Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Ind. J. Pharmacy, 36: 81-81.
  85. Prasad, S. and S.P. Wahi, 1965. Pharmacognostical investigation on Indian Sarasaparilla Part I. Root and root-stock of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Ind. J. Pharmacy, 37: 35-39.
  86. Prasad, N.P., A.J.A. Ranjit Singh, L.M. Narayanan and C.R. Natarajan, 1996. Ethnobiology of the Kanikkars of South Tamil Nadu. In: Ethnobotany in South Asia, Maheswari, J.K. (Ed.). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
  87. Pullaiah, T. and D.C.T. Kumar, 1996. Herbal Plants in Mannanur Forest Mahaboob Nagar Dist., AP. In: Ethnobotany in South Asia, Maheswari, J.K. (Ed.). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
  88. Pushpangadan, P. and C.K. Atal, 1984. Ethno-medico-botanical investigations in Kerala I. Some primitive tribals of Western ghats and their herbal medicine. J. Ethnopharmacol., 11: 59-77.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  89. Qureshi, S., M.K. Rai and S.C. Agrawal, 1997. In vitro evaluation of inhibitory nature of extracts of 18-plant species of Chhindwara against 3-keratinophilic fungi. Hindustan Antibiot. Bull., 39: 56-60.
    PubMed
  90. Rafat, U.S., 1977. A study of pharmacognosy of Ushba (Sarasaparilla). Ph.D Thesis, Muslim University, Aligarh.
  91. Prasad, Y.R., G.S.J.G. Alankararao and P. Baby, 1983. Antimicrobial studies on essential oil of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. Ind. Perfumer, 27: 197-199.
  92. Ramachandran, V.S.S. and N.C. Nair, 1981. Ethnobotanical observations on Irulars of Tamil Nadu (India). J. Econ. Tax. Bot., 2: 183-190.
    Direct Link
  93. Ravishankara, M.N., N. Shrivastava, H. Padh and M. Rajani, 2002. Evaluation of antioxidant properties of root bark of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. (Anantmul). Phytomedicine, 9: 153-160.
    CrossRefPubMedDirect Link
  94. Reddy, M.B., K.R. Reddy and M.N. Reddy, 1988. A survey of medicinal plants of Chenchu tribes of Andhra Pradesh, India. Pharm. Biol., 26: 189-196.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  95. Roy, S.K., M. Ali and M.P. Sharma, 1998. Phytochemical standardization of an Ayurvedic controversial drug Sariva. Proceeding IPCA, Mumbai, India.
  96. Roy, S.K., M. Ali, M.P. Sharma and R. Ramachandram, 2001. New pentacyclic triterpenes from the roots ofHemidesmus indicus. Pharmazie, 56: 244-246.
    Direct Link
  97. Sabnis, S.D. and S.J. Bedi, 1983. Ethnobotanical studies in Dadra-Nagarhaveli and Daman. Indian J. For., 6: 65-69.
    Direct Link
  98. Sahu, T.R., 1984. Less known uses of weeds as medicinal plants. Anc. Sci. Life, 3: 245-249.
    Direct Link
  99. Sarasan, V., E.V. Soniya and G.M. Nair, 1994. Regeneration of Indian sarsaparilla, Hemidesmus indicus R. Br., through Organogenesis and Somatic embryogenesis. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 32: 284-287.
    Direct Link
  100. Satoskar, R.S., L.G. Shah, K. Bhatt and U.K. Sheth, 1962. Preliminary study of pharmacologic properties of Anantmul (Hemidesmus indicus). Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 6: 68-76.
    PubMed
  101. Selvanayahgam, Z.E., S.G. Gnanevendhan, K. Balakrishna and R.B. Rao, 1994. Antisnake venom botanicals from ethnomedicine. J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants, 2: 45-100.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  102. Shah, G.L. and G.V. Gopal, 1985. Ethnomedical notes from the tribal inhabitants of North Gujarat (India) J. Econ. Taxonomic Bot., 6: 193-201.
    Direct Link
  103. Sharma, P.K., S.K. Dhyani and V. Shanker, 1979. Some useful and medicinal plants of the district Dehradun and Siwalik. J. Sci. Res. Plant Med., 1: 17-43.
    Direct Link
  104. Sharma, K.R., R.P. Bhatia and B.P. Reddy, 1994. The role of the indigenous drug Sarivaghanasatva in allergic conjunctivitis. Ann. Ophthalmal-Glaucoma, 26: 141-144.
  105. Sharma and Yelne, 1995. Observations on in vitro propagation of Sariva (Hemidesmus indicus R. Br). Proceeding Seminar on research in Ayurveda and Siddha, New Delhi.
  106. Shetty, T.K., J.G. Satav and C.K. Nair, 2005. Radiation protection of DNA and membrane in vitro by extract of Hemidesmus indicus. Phytother Res., 19: 387-390.
    Direct Link
  107. Shukla, G. and B.K. Verma, 1996. Roots a Vital Plant Part of Cure Body Ailments Among Tribals/Rural Folk-Lore of Western Bihar. In: Ethnobotany of South Asia, Maheswari, J.K. (Ed.). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
  108. Sigler, P., R. Saksena, D. Deepak and A. Khare, 2000. C21 steroidal glycosides fromHemidesmus indicus. Phytochemistry, 54: 983-987.
    Direct Link
  109. Singh, K.K. and J.K. Maheswari, 1983. Traditional phytotherapy among the tribals of Varanasi dist., U.P. J. Econ. Tax. Bot., 4: 803-829.
  110. Singh, V.K. and Z.A. Ali, 1992. A contribution to the ethnopharmacological study of the Udaipur forests of Rajasthan, India. Fitoterapia, 63: 136-144.
    Direct Link
  111. Singh, K.K. and A. Prakash, 1996. Observations on Ethnobotany of the Koltribe of Varanasi District, U.P., India. In: Ethnobotany of South Asia, Maheswari, J.K. (Ed.). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India.
  112. Abdel-Kader, M.S. and S.I. Alqasoumi, 2008. Evaluation of the hepatoprotective effect of the ethanol extracts of Solanum nigrum, Cassia fistula, Balanites aegyptiaca and Carthamus tinctorius against experimentally induced liver injury in rats. Alex. J. Pharma. Sci., 22: 47-50.
  113. Srivastava, A., R. Harish and T. Shivanandappa, 2006. Novel antioxidant compounds from the aqueous extract of the roots of Decalepis hamiltonii (Wight and Arn.) and their inhibitory effect on low-density lipoprotein oxidation. J. Agric. Food Chem., 57: 790-795.
    Direct Link
  114. Subramanian, S.S. and A.G.R. Nair, 1968. Flavonoids of some Asclepiadaceous plants. Phytochemistry, 7: 1703-1704.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  115. Sudhakar, S. and R.S. Rao, 1985. Medicinal plants of upper East Godavari district (Andhra Pradesh) and need for establishment of medicinal farm. J. Econ. Tax. Bot., 7: 399-406.
    Direct Link
  116. Sultana, S., N. Khan, S. Sharma and A. Alam, 2003. Modulation of biochemical parameters by Hemidesmus indicus in cumene hydroperoxide-induced murine skin: Possible role in protection against free radicals-induced cutaneous oxidative stress and tumor promotion. J. Ethnopharmacol., 85: 33-41.
    Direct Link
  117. Sultana, S., A. Alam, N. Khan and S. Sharma, 2003. Inhibition of cutaneous oxidative stress and two-stage skin carcinogenesis by Hemidesmus indicus (L.) in Swiss albino mice. Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 41: 1416-1423.
  118. Suresh, M. and R.K. Rai, 1990. Cardol: The antifilarial principle from Anacardium occidentale. Curr. Sci., 59: 477-479.
    Direct Link
  119. Thabrew, M.I., R.R. Mitry, M.A. Morsy and R.D. Hughes, 2005. Cytotoxic effects of a decoction of Nigella sativa, Hemidesmus indicus and Smilax glabra on human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Life Sci., 77: 1319-1330.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  120. Thangadurai, D., S. Anitha, T. Pullaiah, P.N. Reddy and O.S. Ramachandraiah, 2002. Essential oil constituents and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Decalepis hamiltonii roots against foodborne pathogens. J. Agric. Food Chem., 50: 3147-3149.
    CrossRefDirect Link
  121. Togunashi, V.S., S.N. Yoganarasimhan and B.S. Venkataram, 1978. A new source of sariva and identification of shweta sariva. J. Res. Ind. Med. Yoga Homoeo., 13: 75-80.
  122. Verma, P.R., A.A. Joharapurkar, V.A. Chatpalliwar and A.J. Asnani, 2005. Antinociceptive activity of alcoholic extract of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol., 102: 298-301.
    Direct Link
  123. Vyas, Y., 1993. Utility of Juvardhan dashomani in the treatment of fever. Sachitra Ayurved, 45: 748-755.
  124. Wahi, A.K., R.L. Khosa and A.K. Mukherjee, 1978. Diagnostic characters of Sariva. J. Res. Ind. Med. Yoga Homoeo., 14: 166-169.
  125. Warrier, P.K., P.P.N. Bhattathriti, P. Radhakrishnan and P. Balachandran, 1988. Comparative clinical study of Indukanta Ghirta and Mahatiktaka Ghrita in Parinamasula. J. R.A.S., 10: 15-29.
  126. Iddamaldeniya, S.S., N. Wickramasinghe, I. Thabrew, N. Ratnatunge and M.G. Thammitiyagodage, 2003. Protection against diethylnitrosoamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by an indigenous medicine comprised of Nigella sativa, Hemidesmus indicus and Smilax glabra: A preliminary study. J. Carcinog., Vol. 2.
    CrossRefDirect Link

Search

Related Articles

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *