ABSTRACT
An experiment was conducted at Students Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam during Rabi 2000-2001. Seven treatments viz.T1(00-00-00) control,T2 (100-50-50 NPK),T3 (120-60-50 NPK),T4 (140-70-50 NPK), T5 (160-80-50 NPK), T6 (180-90-50 NPK) and T7 (200-100-50 NPK) were tested to assess the effect of fertilizer levels on the yield and yield contributing characters of wheat variety T.J.-83. The fertilizer levels of NPK (T6) recorded significantly maximum weight of 1000 grains (43.19 g), biological yield (10833.3 Kg ha-1) and grain yield (3930 Kg ha-1). Results suggested that the combinations of 160-80-50 and 180-90-50 NPK Kg ha-1 produced satisfactory grain yield of wheat and could be recommended as farmers guideline.
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DOI: 10.3923/ajps.2004.143.144
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ajps.2004.143.144
INTRODUCTION
High yielding varieties and balanced fertilizer plays a vital role in increasing yield of wheat. This signifies that an optimum rate of fertilizer is an important agronomic factor. However, its application at proper stages should be maintained. Bekele et al.[1] reported the significant cultivars and environment differences for grain yield, biological yield and harvest index of wheat. Due to importance of cereals in the agrarian economy of Pakistan, the present research was initiated for evaluation of bread wheat under different NPK levels.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An experiment was conducted at Students Experimental Farm, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan during Rabi, 2000-2001 to determine the effect of inorganic fertilizer (NPK) for yield and yield contributing characters of wheat variety T.J.-83.
The control and six fertilizer levels applied were viz. T1=00-00-00 (Control), T2=100-50-50, T3=120-60-50, T4=140-70-50, T5=160-80-50, T6=180-90-50 and T7=200-100-50 for assessing the number of grains per ear head, weight of grains per ear head, weight of 1000 grains, biological yield Kg ha-1 and grain yield Kg ha-1. The cultural practices were adopted uniformly to maintain the experimental area.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The mean performance and mean square for number of grains/ear head, weight of grains/ear head, weight of 1000 grains, biological yield and grain yield are present in Table 1. The statistical analysis for weight of 1000 grains, biological and grain yield were highly significant in all the treatment under different fertilizer levels.
The number of grains per ear head showed that fertilizer treatment T5 produced the highest number of grains per ear head (45.86) followed by T7 (45.45), the highest weight of grains per ear head were under T4 (1.55 g), the highest weight of 1000 grains were recorded in T6 (43.15 g), the highest biological yield was exhibited in T6 (10833.3 g) and the maximum grain yield was demonstrated in T6 (4075.00 Kg ha-1).
It showed that the wheat variety T.J.-83 was highly responsive to different levels of fertilizers and the magnitude of characters were increased by the increasing the fertilizer rate upto T6 (180-90-50). However, beyond 180-90-50 fertilizer level, the magnitude of characters were declining.
It was concluded from this research that NPK fertilizer dose of 160-80-50 and 180-90-50 Kg ha-1 gave the maximum grain yield, but increasing/decreasing fertilizer from this level decreased the grain yield as well as its contributing characters.
Table 1: | Mean performance and mean squares for yield and yield contributing characters at different fertilizer levels |
Our results also confirms the findings of Anderson and Olsen[2], Tanaces et al.[3] Giorgio et al.[4], Grignani[5], Vieira et al.[6], Wojcikiewicz et al.[7], Pal et al.[8] and Dinesh et al.[9].
REFERENCES
- Grignani, C., 1995. Rationalization of nitrogen fertilizer application to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using the nitrogen balance method. Proceedings of 18th Annual Conference of the Italian Agronomy Society on Rationalization of Agronomic Practices to Reduce Environment Impact, (ACIASRAPREI'95), Viterbo, Italy, pp: 415-426.