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| Articles
by
Yulianti Fitri Kurnia |
Total Records (
3 ) for
Yulianti Fitri Kurnia |
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Yuherman
,
Reswati
,
Yulianti Fitri Kurnia
,
Indahwati
and
Khalil
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Background and Objective: Female exotic breed cattle raised by traditional small farms are susceptible to reproductive disturbances that result in failure or delay to produce calves. The present research investigated the hematologic profiles of exotic breed cattle having reproductive troubles versus heifers and pregnant cows raised by small farms. Materials and Methods: A survey was conducted to identify the reproduction performance of 160 female Simmental cows raised at 15 smallholders in Payakumbuh, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Samples of blood were collected from 15 female Simmentals comprised of three different reproductive statues (heifers, pregnant and reproductive failure, n = 5 animals each). Blood plasma was then separated and analyzed for hematological parameters [hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit, red and white blood cell, mean corpuscular Hb concentration], total protein and mineral content (Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn). Samples of fodder feed were collected from 15 farms for determination of dominant species and mineral composition. Data were statistically analyzed in a completely randomized 3×5 design for blood parameters and 4×3 design for forage minerals. Results: About one-third of female cows found to have reproductive problems. Anestrus was found to be the most important causal factor for reproductive failure, followed by postpartum infertility (poor fertilization). The reproductive failure group had significantly lower (p<0.05) Hb levels, hematocrit, red and white blood cell and protein but higher mean corpuscular Hb concentration. Considering the critical levels in the blood and feed, the animals were deficient in protein, Ca, P, Mn and Cu. Conclusion: Anestrus and repeated insemination were found to be the major causes of reproductive disorders in exotic breed cattle under small farm conditions that results in delay or failure to produce calves. Reproductive disturbances in Simmental cows were most likely associated with nutrient deficiencies. |
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Yulianti Fitri Kurnia
,
Sedarnawati Yasni
and
Budi Nurtama
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Yoghurt is a product of fermented milk using lactic acid bacteria
as a starter. As a probiotics, Lactobacillus achidophillus was applied in the
making of symbiotic yoghurt with white oyster mushroom powder as a prebiotic
source. The objective of this research was to optimize goat milk yoghurt formula
by mixture design with three component (white oyster mushroom, skim milk and
skim goat milk) and four responses (pH, viscosity, total titrated acid and lactid
acid bacteria). The result indicated that the optimum formula was a mixture
of 0.5% white oyster mushroom, 3% skim milk and 96% goat skim milk. The optimum
formula low pH, high viscosity and high total lactic acid bacteria. Lastly,
the optimum formula was further modified by adding spices syrup as a topping
(made from ginger extract, mixture extract of cloves-cardamom-anise and mixture
extract of cloves-cardamom-anise) in a different volume of addition (2, 4 and
6 mL) with serving size of 100 mL goat milk yoghurt. These hedonic test result
showed that the highest score of the taste properties were 4.37 for 4 mL addition
of ginger syrup; 4.13 for 6 mL addition of mixture of cloves-cardamom-anise
syrup and 4.23 for 6 mL addition of mixture of cloves-cardamom-cinnamon syrup.
Based on these results, the consumer’
preference was still at the level of netral rather like. |
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Yulianti Fitri Kurnia
,
Ferawati
,
Reswati
and
Khalil
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Twenty-five goat farms were surveyed to gain data and information about population, farming practices, goat performances and market prospect. Data were then analyzed to compare the prospective of dairy goat farm in compare to meat-types as a livestock enterprise suitable for small-scale or part time farmers. Three dairy goat farms were then selected to define milk production, quality and marketing. Samples of fresh milk were taken from each farm and analyzed for microbial pathogens and physical characteristics. Results found from the 25-selected farms, there were 14 farms (56%) raising meat-type goat and 11 dairy goat farms (44%), but the total population of dairy goat of about 395 animals was much higher than that of meat type goat of 200 animals. Each dairy goat farm kept about 35.9 animals, while meat-type goats were only 14.3 animals. Dairy goat farm has better prospect in compare to meat-types as an alternative livestock enterprise suitable for small-scale farmer or part-time livestock producer in Payakumbuh region. The mean values of total plate counts and Coliforms were found in the range of 8.04-8.46 and 0.72-4.25 log CFU/ml, respectively, while Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were not detected. The physical characteristics of fresh goat milk from Payakumbuh met the national standard. The potential market for goat milk and higher price of bucks made the farmer to be able to increase their farm scale and to raise their goats more intensively in order to achieve optimum production performances and incomes. |
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